– makhāḍ: a she-camel that has completed one full year and entered the second; her mother is usually māḍiḍ—that is, pregnant.
– labūn: a she-camel that has completed two years and entered the third, and whose mother now normally gives milk, having conceived and delivered after her.
– khalifah (with an open khāʾ and a kasrah on the lām): a pregnant she-camel; hence Ibn Mājah’s version adds, “with the young in their wombs.” The plural is khalifāt.

Points derived from the ḥadith

1. As noted earlier, the soundest view is that the original form of the blood-money is camels, while the remaining species are merely substitutes, for only camels are subject to aggravation or reduction.
2. This ḥadith shows that the diya for accidental killing is a mitigated diya, to be divided into fifths: twenty ḥiqqahs, twenty jadhʿahs, twenty banāt makhāḍ, twenty banāt labūn, and twenty banī labūn. This specification is upheld by the four Imams and the majority of the early scholars. They differed only over the fifth category: Abū Ḥanīfah held it to be banū makhāḍ, whereas the others said banū labūn. Al-Dāraqutnī’s chain is stronger and contains the reading banū labūn, so it is weightier. Ibn Ḥajar remarked, “The isnād of this ḥadīth is stronger than the other versions and forms the basis for assigning the ages of the camels required for the diya.”
3. As for the report of Abū Dāwūd and al-Nasāʾī from ʿAmr ibn Shuʿayb—“The diya is thirty ḥiqqahs, thirty jadhʿahs, and forty khalifah with their unborn young in their wombs”—a number of the early scholars acted upon it, among them ʿAṭāʾ and Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan. It is also related from ʿUmar, Zayd ibn Thābit, Abū Mūsā, and al-Mughīrah, and it is one of Imam Aḥmad’s narrated positions, chosen by Abū al-Khaṭṭāb, al-Muwaffaq in al-ʿUmdah, and al-Zarkashī.
4. This specification concerns the diya for accidental homicide; the diya for deliberate or quasi-deliberate killing will be discussed later in the ḥadith.