Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

• gharribhā: spelled with ghayn, rā’, and a single bā’. In al-Nihāyah it means: “Put her far away by divorcing her.”
• tatbaʿuhā nafsī: “my soul follows after her,” that is, my soul yearns for her and I cannot stay away.

Points derived from the ḥadith
1 – A man complained to the Prophet ﷺ that his wife was easy-going in her manners: she did not shy away from unrelated men and felt no reserve in their presence, although she did not commit any indecency. The Prophet ﷺ therefore instructed him to divorce her and send her away, applying the Prophetic maxim, “Leave what makes you doubt for what does not make you doubt.”
2 – Because the man loved his wife and was pleased with her, he feared that his soul would remain attached to her and that he would be unable to endure separation, thereby losing the opportunity to keep her. The Prophet ﷺ then told him to hold on to her and keep her with him.
3 – The ḥadith shows that a woman is duty-bound to guard her modesty, protect herself, stay away from unrelated men, avoid mixing with them, and refrain from becoming overly familiar. Allah the Exalted says, “Do not be soft in speech, lest he in whose heart is disease should covet you” (Al-Aḥzāb 32).
4 – It also indicates that a man is responsible for safeguarding the women of his household—his wife, daughter, sister, and female relatives—by keeping them away from men and from situations that raise suspicion.
5 – The ḥadith further implies that it is impermissible for a man to continue living with a woman who is overly sociable and public, who mingles with men, endears herself to them, and likes to sit and converse with them. He must counsel and admonish her; if she does not rectify her behavior, separation is preferable.
6 – If, however, he becomes certain that she has fallen into indecency or is neglectful of her obligatory acts of worship—such as the five daily prayers or fasting in Ramaḍān—then he is obliged to separate from her; it is unlawful for him to keep her.

- غَرِّبْها: بالغين المعجمة، والرَّاء، وباء موحدة، قال في النهاية: أي: أبعدها بالطلاق. - تَتْبَعَهَا نفسي: تتوق إليها نفسي، فلا أصبر عنها. * ما يؤخذ من الحديث: ١ - شكا رجل إلى النبي ﷺ حال زوجته بأنها سهلة الأخلاق، لا تنفر من الأجانب، ولا تحتشم أمامهم، إلاَّ أنها لا تأتي فاحشة، فأمره النبي ﷺ بطلاقها وإبعادها، عملاً بالحكمة النبوية: "دع ما يَريبك إلى ما لا يَريبك". ٢ - فكان الرجل يحب زوجته وراضٍ عنها، فخاف أن تتعلَّق بها نفسه، ولا يصبر عنها بعد أن يفارقها، وتفوت الفرصة من بقائها، فأمره النبي ﷺ بإمساكها، وإبقائها عنده. ٣ - فدل هذا على أن الواجب على المرأة هو التصوُّن، والتحفُّظ، والبعد عن الرجال الأجانب، وعدم الاختلاط بهم، والانبساط معهم؛ قال تعالى: ﴿فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِالْقَوْلِ فَيَطْمَعَ الَّذِي فِي قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ﴾ [الأحزاب: ٣٢]. ٤ - كما دلَّ الحديث على أن الواجب على الرجل المحافظة على أهله من زوجة، وبنت، وأخت، وقريبة، وأن يبعدهن عن الرجال، وعن مواطن الشبهة. ٥ - كما يدل الحديث على أنه لا يجوز للرجل أن يعاشر امرأة سهلة برزة، تخالط الرجال، وتتحبَّب إليهم، وترغب الجلوس معهم، والحديث إليهم، وإنما عليه نصحها ووعظها، فإن لم تستقم، فالأفضل فراقها. ٦ - أمَّا إذا تحقق من وقوع الفاحشة، أو التقصير بالواجبات من الطاعات، كالصلوات الخمس، وصوم رمضان، فيجب عليه فراقها، ولا يحل له إمساكها.

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