— the opposite of hazl; hence the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Three matters whose seriousness is serious and whose jesting is likewise serious.”
– hazl (jest): the antonym of jidd. It refers to an action in which levity predominates over earnestness. Al-Miṣbāḥ says: hazala fī kalāmihi—“he joked.”
– al-ʿitāq (emancipation): linguistically, ʿitq means release or liberation; in the legal sense it is the manumission of a slave and his deliverance from bondage.