Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam
  1. The episode demonstrates the gracious conduct of the Prophet’s wives—may Allah be pleased with them all—and how they preferred what he loved over their own preferences. Once they realised his wish to remain in ʿĀʾishah’s house, they voluntarily surrendered their right so that he could be nursed there.

  2. It also highlights the special merit of ʿĀʾishah—may Allah be pleased with her. Had she not excelled in companionship, gentle service, and noble character, he would not have desired to stay specifically with her.
    • In the two Ṣaḥīḥs Anas reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The superiority of ʿĀʾishah over all other women is like the superiority of tharid (bread soaked in broth) over all other foods.”
    • Likewise, both Ṣaḥīḥs relate from ʿĀʾishah that the Prophet ﷺ once said to her, “O ʿĀʾishah, this is Gabriel conveying greetings to you.” She replied, “And upon him be peace, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings.”

  3. A person is allowed to hint at his wish to someone from whom he hopes that wish will be fulfilled. Such indirect speech from the Prophet ﷺ is not deemed unbecoming, for his wives were well aware of his manner.

  4. It is preferable for a person to choose the better course even when it is not obligatory. Apportioning nights among his wives was not required of the Prophet ﷺ, yet he still observed it—even in the hardship of his final illness.

  5. Scholars have differed over whether that apportionment was obligatory for him. The stronger opinion is that it was not, based on the verse: “You may defer whomever you will of them and draw to yourself whomever you will; and there is no blame upon you if you seek any of those you had set aside” (Al-Aḥzāb 33:51). Nevertheless, despite this divine concession, the Prophet ﷺ continued to treat them with perfect justice in the division that Allah enabled him to maintain. May Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him.

٥ - حسن عشرة زوجات النبي ﷺ، ورضي الله عنهنَّ، وإيثارهنَّ ما يحبه على محبّه أنفسهنَّ؛ فقد علمن رغبة إقامته ﷺ في بيت عائشة، فتنازلن عن حقهنَّ؛ ليمرَّض في بيتها. ٦ - فضل عائشة ﵂ فلو لم يكن عندها من حسن العشرة، ولطف الخدمة، وكمال الخُلُقِ، ما آثرها على غيرها بالرَّغبة في المقام عندها. فقد جاء في الصحيحين عن أنس قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: "فضل عائشة على النساء كفضل الثريد على سائر الطعام". وجاء في الصحيحين -أيضا- عن عائشة أنَّ النَّبيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لَهَا: "يَا عَائشَة! هَذا جِبريل يقرأ عليك السلام، فقالت: وعليه السلام ورحمة الله وبركاته". ٧ - يجوز للإنسان أن يعرِّض برغبته بالشيء لمن يريد منه قضاءها، ولا يعتبر هذا التعريض من النبي ﷺ أمرًا يشينه؛ لأنَّهنَّ يعرفن ذلك فيه. ٨ - أنَّ الأفضل للإنسان أن يفعل الذي هو خير، ولو لم يجب عليه؛ فالقسم بين الزوجات ليس واجبًا على النبي ﷺ، ومع هذا راعاه حتى في هذه الحالة الشديدة عليه. ٩ - اختلف العلماء في وجوب القسم على ﷺ، والراجح: أنَّه لا يجب عليه؛ لقوله تعالى: ﴿تُرْجِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُؤْوِي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ وَمَنِ ابْتَغَيْتَ مِمَّنْ عَزَلْتَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكَ﴾ [الأحزاب:٥١]، إلاَّ أنَّه مع هذا الفُسحة له من ربه، كان ﷺ يعدل بينهن فيما أقدره الله عليه من القسم، صلوات الله وسلامه عليه. ***

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