Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

Points derived from the ḥadīth:
1 – It stipulates a state of ritual purity as a pre-condition for wiping over the khuffs: one may not wipe unless the khuffs were put on after complete purification, just as was stated earlier in the ḥadīth of al-Mughīra ibn Shuʿba.
2 – Wiping is a concession (rukhṣah); it is permissible, not obligatory. The prophetic command to wipe is therefore qualified and can be understood as recommending the act rather than making it compulsory. Shaykh al-Islām (Ibn Taymiyyah) said: For the person who is wearing khuffs, the better option is to wipe over them, whereas for the one whose feet are uncovered, the better option is to wash them, following the practice of the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions.
3 – This particular ḥadīth is silent about a time limit, yet the other narrations already cited—including the reports of ʿAlī and Ṣafwān —establish a specific duration during which wiping is allowed.
4 – Wiping over the khuffs and similar footwear is restricted to minor ritual impurity. In the case of major ritual impurity (janābah) wiping is not permitted; one must remove the khuffs and wash the feet, for he said, “except after janābah.” Major impurity is more serious than minor impurity, and certain acts are prohibited to a person in janābah that are not forbidden to someone in a state of minor impurity.
5 – The ḥadīth also legitimises performing the prayer while wearing khuffs and the like, for he said, “and let him pray in them,” and it is authentically reported that “the Prophet ﷺ used to pray in his sandals.”

* ما يؤخذ من الحديث: ١ - فيه اشتراط الطهارة في المسح على الخفين، وأنَّه لا يجوز المسح عليهما إلاَّ إذا لُبسَا بعد كمال الطهارة؛ كما تقدَّم في حديث المغيرة بن شعبة. ٢ - أنَّ الَمسح رخصةٌ، فهو جائزٌ، وليس بواجبٍ، وقد قُيِّد الأمر بالمسح، ويحتمل أنْ يكونَ للاستحباب. قال شيخ الإسلام: الأفضل لِلاَبس الخف: أنْ يمسح عليه، والأفضل لمن قدماه مكشوفتان: غسلهما؛ اقتداءً بالنَّبي ﷺ وأصحابه. ٣ - الحديث مطلق عن التوقيت؛ ولكنَّه مقيد بالأحاديث الأُخر التي تقدَّمت، ومنها حديث علي، وحديث صفوان ﵄ من أنَّ للمسح مدَّةً محدودة. ٤ - المسح على الخفين ونحوهما خاصٌّ بالحدث الأصغر؛ أمَّا الحدث الأكبر فلا يجوز المسح معه، بل لابد من خلع الخفين وغسل القدمين؛ لقوله: "إلاَّ من جنابة"؛ لأنَّ حدث الجنابة أشدُّ وأغلظُ من الحدث الأصغر، فإنَّه يحرُمُ على الجنب ما لا يحرُمُ على صاحب الحدث الأصغر. ٥ - فيه مشروعيةُ الصلاة في الخفين ونحوهما؛ لقوله: "وليصل فيهما"، كما صحَّ: "أنَّه ﷺ كان يصلي في نعليه". ***

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