Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

In al-Bukhārī’s version: “We have married her to you in return for the Qur’an you possess.” (1)

Abū Dāwūd relates—on the authority of Abū Hurayrah—that the Prophet asked, “What have you memorised?” He replied, “Sūrat al-Baqarah and the sūrah that follows it.” He said, “Then rise and teach her twenty verses.” (2)

Degree of authenticity
Ibn Ḥajar cites Abū Dāwūd’s report in Fatḥ al-Bārī among the additional narrations for this chapter; by his standards it is sound (ṣaḥīḥ) or, at the very least, ḥasan. Al-Albānī, however, judged this addition to be munkar because it conflicts with the established wording and is transmitted solely by ‘Isl ibn Sufyān, who is weak.

Vocabulary of the ḥadīth
• Woman: Ibn Ḥajar said, “I have not found her name,” while al-ʿAynī held that she was most likely Khawlah bint Ḥakīm or Umm Sharīk al-Azdiyyah.
• I give myself to you (ahabu laka nafsī): meaning, “I place myself at your disposal for marriage.” This was one of his ﷺ exclusive privileges, as in Allah’s words: “And any believing woman who offers herself to the Prophet…” (Al-Aḥzāb 50), i.e., We have made her lawful for you.
• He raised his gaze (saʿʿada al-naẓar): with an open ṣād and a doubled ʿayn; he lifted his eyes, looking at her upper part and observing her.
• He lowered his gaze (ṣawwaba al-naẓar): with an open ṣād and a doubled wāw; the opposite of the former—he inclined his head, looking at her lower part and examining her.

(1) Al-Bukhari, hadith 5030; Muslim, hadith 1425. (2) Abu Dawud, hadith 2112.
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ للبُخَارِيِّ: "أمْلَكْنَاكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ القُرْآنِ" (١). وَلأبي دَاوُدَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: "مَا تَحْفَظُ؟ قَالَ: سُورَةَ البَقَرَةِ، وَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا، قَالَ: قُمْ فَعَلِّمْهَا عِشْرِينَ آيَةً" (٢). ــ * درجة الحديث: رواية أبي داود ذكرها الحافظ ابن حجر في الفتح في زيادات الباب، فهي صحيحةٌ، أو حسنةٌ على قاعدته. أما الألباني فقال: هذه الزيادة منكرة؛ لمنافاتها للرواية الصحيحة, ولتفرد عِسْل بن سفيان بها، وهو ضعيف. * مفردات الحديث: - امرأة: قال الحافظ ابن حجر: لم أقف على اسمها، وقال العيني: الصحيح أنَّها خولة بنت حكيم، أو أم شريك الأزدية. - أهب لك نفسي: أي ملَّكتك المتعة بنفسي، وكان هذا من خصائصه ﷺ، كما قال تعالى: ﴿وَامْرَأَةً مُؤْمِنَةً إِنْ وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِيِّ﴾ [الأحزاب: ٥٠] أي قد أحللناها لك. - صعَّد النظر: بفتح الصاد، وتشديد العين المهملة: رفع بصره، أي نظر إلى أعلاها، وتأملها. - صوَّب النظر: بفتح الصاد، وتشديد الواو، أي خفض رأسه ضدّ صعَّده، فنظر إلى أسفلها، وتأمَّلها.
(١) البخاري (٥٠٣٠)، مسلم (١٤٢٥). (٢) أبو داود (٢١١٢).

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