Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

6- If, however, the motive is religion, then that is the unbreakable rope; its knot endures the longest and its outcome is the most commendable.

7- A narration conveying the same sense is recorded by Ibn Mājah, al-Bazzār, and al-Bayhaqī from ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ: “Do not marry women for their beauty, for beauty may destroy them; nor for their wealth, for wealth may make them arrogant. Marry them for their religion, and a black, clumsy bondwoman who possesses piety is better.” Ibn Kathīr remarked, “Its chain contains al-Ifrīqī, who is weak.” Shaykh Aḥmad Shākir, however, held that “its chain is sound; the al-Ifrīqī in the isnād is trustworthy, and those who graded him weak were mistaken.”
The Exalted also says: “Do not marry idolatrous women until they believe; a believing slave-girl is better than an idolatress, even though she may please you. And do not marry your women to idolaters until they believe; a believing slave is better than an idolater, even though he may please you. Those invite to the Fire, whereas Allah invites to the Garden and to forgiveness by His leave, and He makes His signs clear to mankind so that they may take heed.” (2:221)
This comparison is meant to underscore the superiority of one who possesses religion and good character.

8- The ḥadith teaches that a person should not let society be his sole model, nor make popular practices his criterion. The Prophet ﷺ identified three types of people who err in choosing a wife’s qualities, and only one type that succeeds.

9- It also instructs a person to look to the future in his decisions rather than aiming only at immediate gain. The wife who is upright in her religion safeguards him in her person, in his household, and in his wealth; she is the righteous and trustworthy companion.

10- The ḥadith does not forbid a man from wishing for lineage, beauty, or wealth alongside religion. What is blameworthy is to neglect the most important trait in a wife—her religion.

٦ - وأما إذا كان الداعي الدين، فهو الحبْل المتين، الذي لا ينفصم، فكان عقْده أدوم، وعاقبته أحمد. ٧ - جاء في معنى الحديث ما أخرجه ابن ماجه والبزار والبيهقي من حديث عبد الله بن عمرو بن العاص أنَّ النَّبيَّ ﷺ قال: "لا تنكحوا النساء لحسنهنَّ، فلعله يرديهن، ولا لمالهنَّ فلعلَّه يطغيهن، وانكحوهن للدِّين، ولأمةٌ سوداء خرقاء ذات دين أفضل". قال ابن كثير: فيه الإفريقي ضعيف، ولكن قال الشيخ أحمد شاكر: إسناده صحيح، والإفريقي الذي في إسناده ثقة، وقد أخطأ من ضعَّفه. وقال تعالى: ﴿وَلَا تَنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَّ وَلَأَمَةٌ مُؤْمِنَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مُشْرِكَةٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ وَلَا تُنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُوا وَلَعَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مُشْرِكٍ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَكُمْ أُولَئِكَ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ وَاللَّهُ يَدْعُو إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَالْمَغْفِرَةِ بِإِذْنِهِ وَيُبَيِّنُ آيَاتِهِ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ (٢٢١)﴾ [البقرة: ٢٢١]. فهذه المقارنة يقصد بها فضل صاحب الدين والخلق. ٨ - في الحديث أنَّ الإنسان لا ينبغي له أن يكون الناس هم قدوته، ولا أن تكون أعمالهم هي المرغوبة عنده، فالنبي ﷺ ذكَر في هذا الحديث أنَّ ثلاثة أصناف من الناس مخطئون في اختيارهم لصفات الزوجة، وأنَّ صنفًا واحدًا هو المصيب. ٩ - وفيه أنه ينبغي للإنسان أن ينظر في أموره لمستَقْبلها، وألاَّ تكون النظرة الحاضرة العاجلة هي هدفه، فإنَّ الزوجة الصالحة في دينها هي التي تحفظه في نفسها، وتحفظه في بيته، وتحفظه في ماله، وهي القرين الصالح الأمين. ١٠ - فيه أنَّ الرجل لا يحرم عليه إذا كان من رغبته في الزوجة الحسب والجمال والمال مع الدين، وإنما يعاب عليه إن أهمل أهم صفات الزوجة، وهي الدين.

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