And in the two Ṣaḥīḥ collections it is narrated from Zaynab, the wife of Ibn Masʿūd, that the Prophet ﷺ said: “She will have two rewards: the reward of kinship and the reward of charity.”
Fourth: Shaykh ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Saʿdī explained that all five legal verdicts apply to a wasiyya (bequest):
- It is obligatory for anyone against whom a rightful claim exists but lacks written proof.
- It is forbidden for a person who has heirs to bequeath more than one-third of the estate, or to bequeath anything at all to an heir, unless the heirs consent.
- It is recommended for one who leaves abundant wealth to bequeath one-third or less in beneficial avenues.
- It is disliked for a poor person whose heirs are in need.
- It is permissible for a poor person if his heirs are well-off. This was mentioned earlier.
Benefit:
Shaykh ʿAbd Allāh Ābā Buṭayn, Shaykh Ḥamad b. Nāṣir b. Muʿammar, Shaykh Ḥasan b. Ḥusayn, and Shaykh ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Ḥasan all stated: A man’s bequest on behalf of his mother, father, sister, and similar relatives—whether for ḥajj or an udḥiyah (sacrificial offering) while they are still alive—is unobjectionable. This counts as dutifulness and benevolence toward them by sharing in the reward, and is not the sort of bequest the law forbids, namely one intended to transfer ownership to the legatee so that he may dispose of it like an owner through sale or the like.