—namely, the lease concluded between the owner and the original tenant—and that any enforceable civil statutes consistent with Islamic law are likewise observed.

Nevertheless, in long-term leases, even if certain legislation provides otherwise, the tenant may neither sublet the premises to another tenant nor demand badal al-khuluw without the owner’s consent.

If, however, an agreement is reached between the original tenant and a new tenant only after the lease term has expired, badal al-khuluw is not permissible, for the original tenant’s right to benefit from the property has lapsed. Allah knows best.