721 – Ibn ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade muzābana: that a man sell the produce of his orchard—if it consists of date-palms—for a measured amount of dates; or, if it is a vineyard, that he sell it for a measured amount of raisins; or, if it is standing grain, that he sell it for a measured amount of food grain. He prohibited all of that.” Agreed upon.⦗1⦘
Lexical notes:
– muzābana: derived from zabana, “to push away,” for each party pushes the other away from his right. Technically, it is the sale of a specified quantity of a ribā-liable commodity for an unspecified amount of the same kind, such as selling dates still on the palms for a measured amount of dried dates.
– ḥāʾiṭihi: al-Nihāya explains that here it means an enclosed orchard of date-palms; its plural is ḥawāʾiṭ.
– karman: with a fatḥa on the kāf, a sukūn on the rāʾ, ending with a mīm; it denotes the grapevine, and here refers to the grapes themselves.
– zabīb: grapes that have been dried into raisins.