Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

707 – Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed the one who consumes usury, the one who pays it, its scribe, and its two witnesses, and said: ‘They are all equal.’ ” Narrated by Muslim (1). Al-Bukhārī has a similar report from Abū Juḥayfah (2).

708 – ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Usury has seventy-three doors; the least of them is like a man committing fornication with his own mother, and the gravest form of usury is to violate the honor of a Muslim.” Narrated by Ibn Mājah in abridged form, and by al-Ḥākim in full, who declared it authentic (3).

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  • Grading of ḥadīth 708:
    Its chain of transmission appears sound, while its text has been subject to criticism.
    Ibn ʿAbd al-Hādī said in al-Muḥarrar: Ibn Mājah transmitted it with narrators who are those of the two Ṣaḥīḥs.
    It was also recorded by al-Ḥākim, who said it meets their criteria, and al-Dhahabī concurred.
    Al-Ṣanʿānī said: There are other reports of similar purport, among them the ḥadīth of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥanẓalah, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared: “One dirham of usury knowingly consumed by a man is worse than thirty-six acts of fornication.” [Aḥmad (20951)].
(1) Sahih Muslim, hadith no. 1598. (2) Sahih al-Bukhari, hadith no. 5962. (3) Sunan Ibn Majah, hadith no. 2275; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, vol. 2, p. 37.
٧٠٧ - عَنْ جَابِرٍ ﵁ قَالَ: "لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ آكِلَ الرِّبَا، وَمُوكلَهُ، وكَاتِبه، وَشَاهِدَيْهِ، وقَالَ: هُمْ سَوَاءٌ" رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ (١). وَلِلْبُخَارِيِّ نَحْوُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ (٢). ٧٠٨ - وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ﵁ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "الرِّبَا ثَلاَثَةٌ وَسَبْعُونَ بَابًا، أَيْسَرُهَا مِثْلُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَ الرَّجُلُ أُمَّهُ، وَإِنَّ أَرْبَى الرِّبَا عِرْضُ الرَّجُل المُسْلِم" رَوَاهُ ابنُ مَاجَهْ مُخْتَصَرًا، وَالحَاكِمُ بِتَمَامِهِ، وَصَحَّحَهُ (٣). ــ * درجة الحديث (٧٠٨): الحديث ظاهر إسناده الصحة، ومتنه متكلم فيه. قال ابن عبد الهادي في المحرر: رواه ابن ماجه، ورجاله رجال الصحيحين. ورواه الحاكم وقال: على شرطهما، ووافقه الذَّهبي. قال الصنعاني: وفي معناه أحاديث: منها حديث عبد الله بن حنظلة قال: قال رَسُول الله ﷺ: "درهم ربا يأكله الرجل وهو يعلم، أشد من ست وثلاثين زنية" [رواه أحمد (٢٠٩٥١)].
(١) مسلم (١٥٩٨). (٢) البخاري (٥٩٦٢). (٣) ابن ماجه (٢٢٧٥)، الحاكم (٢/ ٣٧).

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