his nostrils; hence it becomes clear that this is the rationale for both the hand-washing and the nasal expulsion.

8 – Some scholars who maintain that an impurity must be washed three times cite this ḥadith as proof, and it is one of the three reports transmitted from Imām Aḥmad. However, because the obligation to blow the nose three times has not been firmly established—and because the ruling is confined to night-sleep rather than daytime sleep—deriving such a requirement from this ḥadith, or from the ḥadith that commands washing the hands three times after night-sleep, is not persuasive. Numerous sound evidences show that a single washing which removes the very substance of the impurity is sufficient, the lone exception being the impurity caused by a dog.