645 – Al-Miswar ibn Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with him) related: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ slaughtered the sacrificial animal before shaving his head, and he ordered his Companions to do the same.” Reported by al-Bukhari.⦗1⦘
What is extracted from the hadith:
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Like the previous report, this hadith establishes the lawfulness of carrying out the slaughter before shaving, and that doing so is permissible whether it is done intentionally, out of ignorance, or because of forgetfulness.
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This action and command occurred during the Prophet’s ‘Umrah at al-Hudaybiyyah, when Quraysh prevented him from entering Mecca for the lesser pilgrimage. He therefore concluded a treaty with them to return the following year, as is well known from the famous incident. The Prophet ﷺ then left the state of ihram by slaughtering and shaving, and his Companions followed him in that.
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When the hady (the sacrificial animal offered by a pilgrim) is brought by someone arriving from outside the Sacred Precinct and he combines Hajj and ‘umrah—either by tamattuʿ (performing ‘umrah first, exiting ihram, then beginning Hajj) or qiran (joining the two rites without exiting ihram)—that hady is obligatory. If, however, the pilgrim is not an outsider, or is performing Hajj alone (ifrad), or is making only ‘umrah, the hady is voluntary for each of them, for it is a sacrifice of gratitude to Allah Most High and not an expiatory offering for a breach of ihram or the omission of a mandatory rite.
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Ibn al-Qayyim said: “The hady required for tamattuʿ and qiran is an independent act of worship; it complements the pilgrimage rites. It is the blood of a hady, not the blood of compensation. For the pilgrim, it is like the uḍḥiyah (the ‘eid sacrifice) for the resident. If it were compensatory, eating from it would not be permissible; yet it is authentically reported that the Prophet ﷺ ate from his hady. In the two Sahihs it is likewise narrated that he sent portions of the hady he slaughtered on behalf of his wives. Allah, Exalted is He, says: ‘So eat of them and feed others’ (Q. 22:28), a verse that undoubtedly includes the hady of tamattuʿ and qiran.”