598 – Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with him) related: “A woman from Juhaynah came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, ‘My mother vowed to perform the pilgrimage but passed away before she could do so. May I perform ḥajj on her behalf?’ He replied, ‘Yes, perform ḥajj for her. Tell me: if your mother had left an unpaid debt, would you not settle it for her? Then settle the debt owed to Allah, for Allah is worthier of being paid in full.’ ” Reported by al-Bukhārī (1).

Glossary of Terms
– Juhaynah: with ḍammah on the jīm, fatḥah on the hāʾ, a silent yāʾ, followed by an open nūn and a final tāʾ marbūṭah. The clan traces its lineage to Juhaynah ibn Zayd ibn Layth ibn Sūd ibn Aslam ibn al-Ḥāf ibn Quḍāʿah, a Qahṭānī branch of Quḍāʿah. Their territory remains along the eastern shore of the Red Sea, with Amlaj as its main township.
– Nadharat (she vowed): she obligated herself. In Islamic law, a nadhr (vow) is when a legally accountable person voluntarily binds himself to do something for Allah by means of an explicit statement.
– Afaaḥujju ʿanhā? (Shall I perform ḥajj on her behalf?): the initial hamzah is an interrogative particle signifying inquiry.
– Arāʾayti (Tell me): begins with an interrogative hamzah for affirmation and ends with a second-person feminine pronoun; it means “inform me.”
– Qāḍaytahu (settle it): the verb qaḍā carries several senses; here it means “to pay off a debt.”
– Iqḍū Allāh (Settle Allah’s right): discharge the duty owed to Allah.
– Aḥaqqu bil-wafāʾ (most deserving of fulfilment): Allah has the greatest claim to have His due rendered completely.