three men of sound reason and discernment from among his own people bear witness that poverty has indeed overtaken him, then—and only then—may he ask of others, and he may continue to do so until he attains a subsistence level of living that sustains him and meets his needs.

2 – In every situation other than these three, begging is unlawful. Whoever begs is asking for something forbidden, and whatever he consumes from it is ill-gotten suḥt: it strips the blessing from his wealth and erodes his good deeds.

3 – Accordingly, it is not permissible to pay zakah to someone who is already wealthy, except when he falls under one of these categories or something akin to them.