504 – Jābir ﵁ reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “No zakah is due on less than five awāq of silver, no zakah on less than five head of camels, and no zakah on less than five wasqs of dates.” Narrated by Muslim (1).
Vocabulary of the hadith
– awāq: without the final yāʾ in the version of Abū Dāwūd (1558); Muslim records it both with and without the softened yāʾ. Al-Nawawī states that either form is correct. It is the plural of uqiyyah (with a doubled yāʾ); its plural with the doubled yāʾ is awāqī. Al-ʿAynī adds that the majority pronounce the singular without the hamzah—uqiyyah becomes wuqiyyah—and its plural wuqayā, like ḍaḥiyyah and ḍaḥāyā. The scholars of hadith, law, and language unanimously agree that the sharʿī uqiyyah equals forty dirhams; five awāq therefore equal two hundred dirhams—the nisāb for silver. In modern weight this nisāb is about 595 grams of silver.
– waraq: with an initial fatḥah and a light kasrah on the rāʾ. Al-ʿAynī and others explain that it denotes coined dirhams; unminted silver is not called waraq.
– dhawd: with an emphatic dhāl (ḏ) followed by a quiescent wāw. It refers to a group of between three and ten camels; it has no singular derived from the same root. Its plural is adhwād. Because it is a collective noun applicable to both masculine and feminine, few and many alike, it is correct to say “five dhawd.”
– dūn: in all four occurrences here it means “less than,” i.e., zakah is not obligatory on any amount below the stated threshold.