Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

15 – Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Whoever drinks from a silver vessel is in fact gulping down the Fire of Jahannam (Hellfire) into his belly.” Agreed upon. (1)

Vocabulary of the ḥadith
– yujarrjir: to swallow repeatedly with an audible gurgling sound. The Prophet likened the descent of punishment into the drinker’s stomach to this frightening noise.
– nār (fire): The word may be read in the nominative or the accusative. In the nominative, the Fire is viewed as pouring itself into the person’s gut; in the accusative, the drinker is understood to be pouring the Fire of Jahannam into himself. The accusative reading is preferable.
– Jahannam: derived from a root denoting harshness; it is the proper name of one of the levels of the Fire, so called because of its immeasurable depth.

Lessons derived from the ḥadith
1 – Drinking from a silver vessel is forbidden. The same ruling applies—indeed with even greater force—to gold. The Shariah often mentions one item and omits its like, or something even more deserving of the ruling, by way of sufficiency, as in Allah’s statement, “garments to protect you from the heat” (16:81), which implicitly includes protection from the cold, for that is even more obvious.
2 – A severe warning is issued against anyone who drinks from a silver vessel, and by analogy from a gold one. His punishment will be harsh, for by committing this sin he will hear an alarming, repulsive sound as the torment of Jahannam pours into his innards.

(1) al-Bukhari, no. 5634; Muslim, no. 2065.
١٥ - وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ﵂ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "الَّذِي يَشْرَبُ فِي إِنَاءِ الْفِضَّةِ إِنَّمَا يُجَرْجِرُ فِي بَطْنِهِ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ" مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ (١). ــ * مفردات الحديث: - يُجرجر: بضم المثناة التحتية، وجيم مفتوحة، فراء، فجيم مكسورة، والجرجرة: صوت جرع الإنسان للماء، وجرجر فلان الماء: جرعه جرعًا متواترًا له صوت؛ شبه نزول العذاب في بطن الشارب في إناء الفضة بهذا الصوت المخيف. - نار: بالرفع والنصب، فمن رفع جعل الفعل للنَّار، أي: تنصب نار جهنَّم في جوفه، ومن نصب جعل الفعل للشَّارب، أي: يصب الشارب نار جهنَّم، والنصب أجود. - جهنَّم: من الجهومة وهي الغلظة، وجهنَّم: عَلَمٌ على طبقة من طبقات النَّار، وسُمِّيت جهنَّمَ؛ لِبُعْدِ قَعْرِهَا. * ما يؤخذ من الحديث: ١ - تحريم الشرب في إناء الفضة، ومثله الذهب وأولى، والنصوص الشرعية كثيرًا ما تذكر شيئًا وتترك مثله وما هو أولى منه، من باب الاكتفاء؛ كقوله تعالى: ﴿سَرَابِيلَ تَقِيكُمُ الْحَرَّ﴾ [النحل: ٨١] يعني: والبرد؛ فإنَّه أولى. ٢ - الوعيد الشديد على الشَّارب في إناء الفضة ومثله الذهب؛ فإنَّ عذابه غليظ شديد؛ فإنَّه بارتكاب هذه المعصية سَيُسْمَعُ لوقوع عذاب جهنَّم في جوفه صوتٌ مرعب منكر.
(١) البخاري (٥٦٣٤)، مسلم (٢٠٦٥).

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