Tawḍīḥ al-AḥkāmAbd Allah al-Bassam

2 – As for ḥadith no. (458), it shows that it is recommended to inform the deceased’s family, relatives, and anyone connected with him so that they may attend his funeral, offer the prayer for him, and witness his burial. This is commendable and is not encompassed by the prohibition of public proclamations of death (naʿy).

3 – The author’s decision to place these two ḥadiths together is exceedingly apt. He—may Allah have mercy on him—often does this with narrations that seem to contain some tension, so that the ruling of one can be understood in light of the other.

4 – Ḥadith no. (458) also indicates the lawfulness of performing the funeral prayer for one who is absent; the scholarly disagreement on this point will be discussed, Allah willing.

5 – It is permissible to pray over a bier in the Eid prayer-ground when the congregation is large.

6 – The number of takbīrs in the funeral prayer is four; the details will be explained shortly, Allah willing.

7 – The virtue of having many worshippers—specifically, three rows or more—is affirmed, for Aḥmad (16283) and Abū Dāwūd (3166) report that the Prophet ﷺ said: “No believer dies, and a group of Muslims amounting to three rows performs the funeral prayer over him, except that he is forgiven.”

8 – This excellence and distinction belong to the Negus: Gabriel descended from Allah, by His command, informed the Prophet ﷺ of the Negus’s death while he was still in his own land, and instructed him to announce it to the Muslims and pray over him. The Negus had rendered a generous and significant service to the earliest Muslim emigrants who fled to him from the persecution of Quraysh—he sheltered them, settled them in his country, and protected them from Quraysh’s harm. Guided by his sincerity and quest for the truth, he embraced Islam and became a supporter of the faith. Because of his kindness to the Muslims, his eminent standing, and the fact that no one in his land could perform the funeral prayer for him, the Prophet ﷺ informed his Companions of his death, led them to the prayer-ground, and offered the funeral prayer for him.

٢ - أما الحديث رقم (٤٥٨): ففيه استحباب إعلام أهل الميت وأقاربه، ومن له به صلة؛ ليشهدوا جنازته، والصلاة عليه ودفنه، فهذا مستحبٌّ، ولا يتناوله النهي عن النعي. ٣ - جمع المؤلف هذين الحديثين في موضع واحد في غاية الحسن، وكذلك هو يفعل -رحمه الله تعالى- في كثير من الأحاديث، الذي فيها نوع تعارض؛ ليعلم حكم هذا من هذا. ٤ - يدل الحديث رقم (٤٥٨): على مشروعية الصلاة على الغائب، ويأتي الخلاف في ذلك إن شاء الله تعالى. ٥ - جواز الصلاة على الجنازة في مصلى العيد، إذا كان الجمع كبيرًا. ٦ - التكبير في صلاة الجنازة أربعاً، ويأتي بيانه قريبًا إن شاء الله تعالى. ٧ - فضيلة كثرة المصلين، وكونهم ثلاثة صفوف فأكثر؛ لما روى أحمد (١٦٢٨٣)، وأبو داود (٣١٦٦)؛ أنَّ النَّبيَّ ﷺ قال: "ما من مؤمن يموت، فيصلي عليه أمة من المسلمين يبلغون أن يكونوا ثلاثة صفوف -إلاَّ غفر". ٨ - هذه المنقبة والفضيلة للنجاشي ﵁ ذلك أنَّ جبريل نزل من عند الله تعالى وبأمره، فأخبر النبي ﷺ بوفاته وهو في بلاده، وأمره بنعيه إلى المسلمين والصلاة عليه، والنجاشي له يدٌ كريمةٌ وكبيرة على المسلمين المهاجرين الأولين، حينما هاجروا إليه هربًا من أذية قريش، فآواهم وأنزلهم بلاده، ومنعهم من أذية قريش لهم، ثم قاده حسن نيته، وطلبه الحق أن أسلم، وصار من أنصار دينه، فلإحسانه إلى المسلمين وكِبر مقامه، وكونه بأرض لم يصلَّ عليه فيها- أخبر النبيُّ ﷺ أصحابه بموته، وخرج بهم إلى المصلى، فصلَّى عليه.

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