lotus leaves, alkali, soap, and the like.
12 – It is permissible to restrict the shroud to a lower wrap and an upper cloak; from this it is evident that a single winding-sheet is in fact sufficient for the deceased.
13 – If a person dies while in a state of ihram, his act of worship does not come to an end; it continues to earn reward for him until the Day of Resurrection, when he will be raised upon it.
14 – Anyone who sets out upon a righteous endeavor—seeking knowledge, fighting in Allah’s cause, or the like—with the intention of completing it, then dies before finishing, attains the full merit of his sincere intention and reaps its fruit until the Day of Resurrection.
15 – The outward sense of the hadith indicates that when a pilgrim dies, the rites are not completed on his behalf, even if they were obligatory. This rests on two considerations:
First, the Prophet ﷺ did not command that his rites be finished or made up for him.
Second, the deceased was left in the very posture of ihram—with his head uncovered and still avoiding the prohibitions of ihram—which shows that his ihram remains in force. Had the rites been performed for him, they could have been completed within a few hours of his death, after which he might have been shrouded and perfumed. Instead, the Prophet stated that this condition would stay with him until he is resurrected in it.
16 – It is permissible to shroud the dead in garments that have already been worn; Ibn al-Mulaqqin notes that there is unanimous agreement on this point.
17 – Abu Dawud relates from Imam Ahmad that he said: “This hadith contains five Sunnahs: shrouding the dead in two garments; that the cost of the shroud comes out of the estate even if it consumes all of it; washing the deceased with lotus leaves in every wash; not covering his head; and keeping him from any perfume if he is in ihram.”