and because it betrays panic, a lack of firmness, and a failure to seek reward for submitting to Allah’s decree.
3 – If a person cannot remain patient and must voice a prayer, let him say, “O Allah, keep me alive so long as life is better for me, and cause me to die when death is better for me.” This is the licensed concession. The reason is that this world is only a passageway, whereas the Hereafter is the permanent abode. Someone afflicted in his body, wealth, reputation, or otherwise does not know where his true good lies in the Hereafter should he persevere and seek reward.
4 – However, if the fear is for a trial that might endanger one’s faith, there is no harm in wishing for death. Mary (peace be upon her) said, “Would that I had died before this and been forgotten, utterly forgotten” (Quran 19:23). She wished for death not out of anguish from childbirth but out of fear of disgrace when her people would denounce her, assume evil of her, and revile her honor. Likewise, the Prophet said, “And if You intend to put Your servants to trial, then take me to You without subjecting me to that trial” (reported by al-Tirmidhi, 3247, and he declared it sound). Thus, wishing for death because of a threat to one’s religion is permissible and does not fall under the prohibition of the hadith.
5 – The relevance of this supplication for anyone inclined to wish for death is that he should entrust the matter to Allah Almighty, for He alone knows what is in the servant’s best interest, whether in life or in death.
6 – This hadith and others like it prove the obligation of patience. Shaykh al-Islam cited unanimous agreement on this point and stated that the reward for calamities is conditional upon patient endurance. Contentment (riḍā) is a station above patience, for it brings about Allah’s pleasure. Patience means restraining the soul from panic, the tongue from complaining, and the limbs from slapping cheeks, tearing garments, and the like. Complaining to Allah Most High does not contradict patience; rather, it is legislated and recommended.