and His governance of this universe.
– “not because of anyone’s death nor his life”: the immediate occasion was the death of Ibrāhīm, yet “life” was mentioned as well to forestall the mistaken notion that, although an eclipse is not caused by a person’s demise, it might still be caused by someone’s birth. Thus the negation was made comprehensive. In the pre-Islamic period people would say when an eclipse occurred, “Today a great man has been born,” or “A great man has died.”
– “you see them” (raʾaytumūhumā): another wording reads, “When you see it,” with a singular pronoun that refers back to the word “sign,” meaning: when you witness the eclipse of either one of the two luminaries, for it is virtually impossible for both of them to be eclipsed at exactly the same moment.
– “it clears” (yankashif): i.e., until the eclipse that has befallen you is lifted.
– “becomes completely clear” (tanjalī): transmitted in both the masculine and the feminine forms, both of which are self-evident. The intent is: continue praying and supplicating until their darkness passes and normal daylight returns.

What is learned from the ḥadith
1 – A solar eclipse occurred during the Prophet’s ﷺ lifetime on the very day his son Ibrāhīm died. Shaykh al-Mubārakfūrī notes that the leading authorities in history, astronomy, and mathematical calculation agree that the eclipse on the day of Ibrāhīm’s death took place on the 28th or 29th of Shawwāl, year 10 AH, corresponding to 27 January 632, at 8:38 a.m.
2 – Ibrāhīm, the Prophet’s ﷺ son from his bondwoman Māriyah the Copt, lived for eighteen months. None of the Prophet’s children after Khadījah were born to him except through her. When Ibrāhīm passed away the Prophet grieved, his eyes filled with tears, and he said, “The eye weeps and the heart grieves, yet we utter only what pleases the Lord. Indeed, O Ibrāhīm, we are deeply saddened by your loss.”
3 – Shaykh al-Islām stated: Allah has set the rule that the moon is eclipsed only at the time of the full moon—the white nights—and that the sun is eclipsed only at the time of the conjunction (the dark phase).