394 – ʿĀ’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The end of the fast is the day the people end their fast, and the Day of Sacrifice is the day the people sacrifice.” Related by al-Tirmidhī (1).
• Grading of the ḥadith:
The ḥadith is ḥasan, as al-Tirmidhī declared. The author states in al-Talkhīṣ that al-Dāraquṭnī (2/525) also transmitted it from ʿĀ’ishah as marfūʿ but judged the mawqūf version to be preferable. Abū Dāwūd (2324) narrated it through Muḥammad ibn al-Munkadir from Abū Hurayrah with the wording, “The end of the fast is the day you end your fast, and the Day of Sacrifice is the day you sacrifice.” Ibn al-Munkadir did not hear directly from Abū Hurayrah. Al-Tirmidhī cites al-Bukhārī as affirming that Ibn al-Munkadir did hear from ʿĀ’ishah; if that is established, his hearing from Abū Hurayrah is also possible, for Abū Hurayrah died after her.
• Vocabulary:
– “yufṭiru al-nās”: from ifṭār; here it refers to celebrating ʿĪd al-Fiṭr.
– “yuḍaḥḍī al-nās”: literally, “they sacrifice”; in context it refers to celebrating the Day of Sacrifice (ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā).
• Lessons derived from the ḥadith:
- The ḥadith indicates that ending the Ramadan fast, the rulings of ʿĪd al-Aḍḥā, and the offering of the uḍḥiyah are to be observed with the community—the great majority of Muslims. No one should break the fast or offer the sacrifice apart from the main body, for this ummah as a whole is protected and will not unanimously agree upon error.
- It is stated in Sharḥ al-Zād and its marginalia: “If a person alone sights the crescent of Ramadan and his testimony is rejected,