6 – Performing the saʿy between two mountains other than Safa and Marwa in their place.

As for the additional innovation (bidʿa iḍāfiyya), it is one that combines two elements:

1. It is connected to the scriptural evidences in its basic origin—that is, the underlying act itself is sanctioned.
2. Yet it lacks any evidence for the specific manner, circumstance, or form in which it is carried out, even though such proof is required because the act pertains to worship, not to purely customary matters.

There are many examples, among them:

1 – The Prayer of Desires (ṣalāt al-raghāʾib): twelve rakʿas performed on the first Friday night of Rajab. The scholars have declared it a reprehensible innovation.

2 – The prayer on the night of mid-Shaʿbān. It is deemed an additional innovation because, although prayer is in principle legislated, the commitment to a specific time and a specific format is not. Thus it is legitimate in essence, but innovative in the way it has been attached to that time and form.

Al-Nawawī said: “The prayers of Rajab and Shaʿbān are two ugly, blameworthy innovations.”

And he stated in his commentary on Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn: “They are two fabricated, reprehensible, and detestable innovations. Do not be deluded by their mention in Kitāb al-Qūt or in the Iḥyāʾ. No one may argue for their lawfulness on the basis of the Prophet’s saying, ‘Prayer is the best act prescribed,’ for that statement applies only to a prayer that in no way contravenes the Sharīʿa.”

Decision of the Islamic Fiqh Council concerning delivering the Friday and ʿĪd sermons in languages other than Arabic:

All praise belongs to Allah alone, and blessings and peace be upon the one after whom there is no prophet, our master and Prophet Muḥammad, and upon his family and Companions in abundant measure.

To proceed: The Council of the Islamic Fiqh Academy has examined the question referred to it about the disagreement among some Muslims in India regarding the permissibility of delivering the Friday sermon in the local, non-Arabic language. Some maintain that it is impermissible,