174 – Ishaq ibn Ibrahim narrated to us; he said: ʿAbd al-Razzaq informed us; he said: Maʿmar related to us, from Ibn Tawus, from his father, who said: “The likeness of Islam is that of a tree: its root is the testimony of faith, its trunk is such-and-such, its leaves are such-and-such—he specified them—and its fruit is waraʿ (scrupulous piety). There is no benefit in a tree that bears no fruit, nor in a person who has no waraʿ.”