554 — Al-Firyābī informed us, saying: Nasr narrated to us, saying: Al-Walīd narrated to us, from Ibn Jābir, who said: I heard Makhūl say, “Woe to you, Ghaylān! You will die only as one led astray.”

Muhammad ibn al-Husayn, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If someone asks, “Who are the leaders of the Qadariyya in their doctrines?” he is told: Allah Most High has exalted the Muslims far above their doctrines. The leaders of their Qadari doctrines are Maʿbad al-Juhanī in Basra—the Companions and Successors had already refuted him, as we have previously mentioned—and, before him, a man from Iraq who had been a Christian, then embraced Islam, and afterward returned to Christianity. Maʿbad al-Juhanī learned the Qadari doctrine from him; this is what al-Awzāʿī, may Allah have mercy on him, said.

Ghaylān learned it from Maʿbad. We have already recounted Ghaylān’s story, the disgrace Allah swiftly brought upon him in this world, and what awaits him in the Hereafter is greater still. There was also ʿAmr ibn ʿUbayd—and how severely the scholars condemned him, shunned him, and declared him an unbeliever. These are their leaders ⦗959⦘—filthy and impure.