in faith—but whoever embraces disbelief wholeheartedly, upon them is wrath from Allah, and theirs will be a tremendous punishment” [al-Nahl: 106]. Allah Most High also says: “The Bedouins say, ‘We believe.’ Say, ‘You have not believed; rather, say, “We have submitted,” for faith has not yet entered your hearts’” [al-Hujurāt: 14], to the end of the verse. This demonstrates to you that faith is required of the heart, and it consists of affirmation and knowledge. A spoken profession is of no benefit if the heart does not affirm what the tongue professes, together with action. Know this.

As for the obligatory profession of faith by the tongue, Allah Most High says in Sūrat al-Baqara: “Say, ‘We believe in Allah and in what has been sent down to us; and in what was sent down to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes; and in what was given to Moses and Jesus; and in what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and to Him we submit. If they believe as you believe, they are indeed rightly guided,’” to the end of the verse. Allah Most High also says in Sūrat Āl Imrān: “Say, ‘We believe in Allah and in what has been sent down to us, and in what was sent down to Abraham’” [Āl Imrān: 84], to the end of the verse.