his face, nor may he touch any perfume, shave his head or any part of his body, trim his beard or his nails, or wear a garment dyed with wars, saffron, or madder—unless the cloth has been washed so thoroughly that no colour rubs off.
There is no harm in bathing, entering the bathhouse, seeking shade beneath a roof or a canopy, or fastening a money-pouch around his waist, but he should not wash his head or beard with khitmi (soap-wort). He should repeat the talbiyah frequently—after the prescribed prayers, whenever he ascends a rise or descends a valley, when he meets other travellers, and in the pre-dawn hours.
When he enters Mecca he proceeds directly to the Sacred Mosque; on catching sight of the House he utters takbīr and tahlīl, then begins with the Black Stone: he faces it, says the takbīr, raises his hands, touches it and kisses it if he can, without pushing aside a fellow Muslim. He then moves to his right, toward the side of the door, having already bared his right shoulder beneath his mantle, and circumambulates the Kaʿbah seven times.
He keeps his tawāf outside the Ḥijr, jogging in the first three circuits and walking calmly in the remaining four. Each time he passes the Black Stone he touches it if he is able, and he ends the tawāf by touching it once more.
He next comes to the Station of Abraham and prays two rakʿahs there, or elsewhere in the mosque if that is easier. This circumambulation is the tawāf of arrival; it is sunnah, not obligatory, and the residents of Mecca are not required to perform it.
He then goes out to al-Ṣafā, climbs it, faces the House, pronounces takbīr and tahlīl, invokes blessings upon the Prophet ﷺ, and asks Allah for whatever he needs. After that he descends toward al-Marwah, walking at an easy pace; when he reaches the valley bottom he hastens between the two green markers until he comes to al-Marwah. He ascends it and does as he did on al-Ṣafā. This is one lap; he completes seven, beginning at al-Ṣafā and ending at al-Marwah.
He remains in Mecca in his state of consecration and may make an additional circumambulation of the House whenever he wishes. On the day before the Day of Tarwiyah the imam delivers a sermon explaining the departure to Minā, the prayers and the standing at ʿArafāt, and the dispersal. After praying the dawn prayer of the Day of Tarwiyah in Mecca he goes out to Minā and stays there until he has prayed dawn on the Day of ʿArafah. He then proceeds to ʿArafāt and remains there.
When the sun passes its zenith on the Day of ʿArafah, the imam leads the people in the Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr prayers, and begins by delivering two sermons before the prayer in which he instructs the people