If reinforcements reach the army while it is still in enemy territory and before the booty has been carried to the Abode of Islam, they share in that booty. The traders who keep the army market have no claim to booty unless they actually join the fighting.

If any free man or woman grants safe-conduct to an unbeliever—whether an individual, a group, or the inhabitants of a fortress or a city—that pledge is valid, and no Muslim may kill them. Should harm result from keeping it, the imam must first repudiate the pledge before taking action against them.

A safe-conduct issued by a dhimmi, a prisoner of war, or a merchant who has entered enemy territory is not valid.

According to Abū Ḥanīfah, a slave may not grant safe-conduct unless his master has permitted him to fight; Abū Yūsuf and Muḥammad, however, deem his pledge valid.

If the Turks defeat the Byzantines, take captives, and seize their property, they thereby own it. Should we later defeat the Turks, that property becomes lawful for us. If they seize our property and carry it to their land, they take ownership of it; but if Muslims later recover it before it has been divided, it reverts to them free of charge. If they recover it after division, they may reclaim it at its market value, should they so wish.

When a merchant enters enemy territory, purchases such property, and brings it back to the Abode of Islam, the original owner has a choice: he may reclaim it for the price the merchant paid, or he may leave it.

The enemy cannot, by mere force, acquire ownership of our mudabbar and mukatab slaves, our concubines who have borne children, or any free person, whereas we may lawfully acquire the same from them. If a Muslim’s slave escapes to the enemy and they capture him, they do not own him according to Abū Ḥanīfah. If, however, a camel wanders over to them and they seize it, they do own it.

If the imam has no pack animals on which to carry