he should keep those materials in reserve until the building again requires repair and then spend them on that purpose; he may not parcel them out among the waqf’s beneficiaries.

If the founder stipulates that the waqf’s income is for himself, or names himself as its administrator, Abu Yusuf considers the arrangement valid.

When a person erects a mosque, ownership does not leave him until he isolates it from his private property by providing an access path and authorises the public to pray there; once a single worshipper has performed the prayer inside, ownership is extinguished according to Abu Hanifah and Muhammad. Abu Yusuf, however, holds that the mere declaration, “I have made it a mosque,” is enough to divest him of ownership.

Whoever builds a public water-station for the Muslims, a caravanserai for travellers, a ribat, or designates his land as a cemetery, retains ownership of it in Abu Hanifah’s view until a judge issues a ruling to the contrary. Abu Yusuf maintains that ownership ceases with the owner’s statement alone, while Muhammad says it lapses once people begin drawing water from the station, lodging in the caravanserai or ribat, and burying their dead in the cemetery.