Ijma' as-Salaf fi al-I'tiqadAl-Kirmani
  • And Allah is on His Throne—glorious is His mention—(1) exalted is His majesty; there is no deity besides Him.
  • And Allah—blessed and exalted—(2) is All-Hearing, beyond any doubt; All-Seeing, never uncertain; All-Knowing.
“…and He is on His Throne above His heavens; these are two distinct limits.” He then added: “Whoever claims that God has no limit has rejected the Qur’an and has implied that He is nothing, for God has set the limit of His place in many passages of His Book where He says: ‘The All-Merciful settled Himself upon the Throne’ (Q 20:5); ‘Do you feel secure from Him Who is in the heaven?’ (Q 67:16); ‘They fear their Lord above them’ (Q 16:50); ‘I will take you and raise you to Myself’ (Q 3:55); ‘To Him ascends the good word’ (Q 35:10). All these and similar verses are proofs and evidences of the limit.” Naqd al-Darimi ‘ala al-Marisi, 1/223-226. Shaykh al-Islam said: “The scholars who are renowned for leadership in the Sunnah affirmed it, as ‘Uthman b. Sa‘id related from them, naming among them Ibn al-Mubarak.” Bayan Talbis al-Jahmiyya, 2/160 (ed. Ibn Qasim). The purpose of the early scholars in speaking of a “limit” was to block the claim of the Jahmiyya that God is present in every place. As for the reports from Imam Ahmad that appear to deny a limit for God, Shaykh al-Islam explained them as follows: “This statement of Imam Abu ‘Abd Allah Ahmad—may God have mercy on him—shows that he negated that servants could set a limit for God or for His attributes, or measure that, or reach a full description of it. This does not contradict what has preceded—namely, that in Himself He has a limit known only to Him, or that He is the One who describes Himself. The same applies to the words of the other imams among the Salaf: they affirm the realities while denying that human beings know their true nature.” Bayan Talbis al-Jahmiyya, 1/433 (ed. Ibn Qasim). (1) In MS T: “Allah, exalted is He, is on His Throne; He has no limit—Allah knows best His limit.” In MS H: “Allah, exalted is He, is on His Throne, and He has a limit.” (2) In MSS T and H the phrase “—exalted is He” is added.
* والله على عرشه عز ذكره (١) وتعالى جده، ولا إله غيره. * والله -تبارك وتعالى- (٢) سميع لا يشك، بصير لا يرتاب، عليم
= وهو على عرشه فوق سمواته فهذان حدان اثنان". ثم قال: "فمن ادعى أنه ليس لله حد فقد رد القرآن، وادعى أنه لا شيء؛ لأن الله حد مكانه في مواضع كثيرة من كتابه فقال: {الرَّحْمَنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَى} [سورة طه: الآية ٥]، {أَأَمِنْتُمْ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاءِ} [سورة الملك: الآية ١٦]، {يَخَافُونَ رَبَّهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ} [سورة النحل: الآية ٥٠]، {إِنِّي مُتَوَفِّيكَ وَرَافِعُكَ إِلَيَّ} [سورة آل عمران: الآية ٥٥]، {إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ} [سورة فاطر: ١٠]، فهذا كله وما أشبهه شواهد ودلائل على الحد". نقض الدارمي على المريسي (١/ ٢٢٣ - ٢٢٦). قال شيخ الإسلام: "فإن المشاهير بالإمامة في السنة أثبتوه، كما ذكره عثمان بن سعيد عنهم وسمى ابن المبارك". بيان تلبيس الجهمية (٢/ ١٦٠) (تحقيق ابن قاسم). ومراد السلف من ذلك سد الطريق على الجهمية فيما ادعوه من أن الله تعالى في كل مكان. وأما ما جاء عن الإمام أحمد من روايات في نفي الحد عن الله تعالى، فقد وجه ذلك شيخ الإسلام بقوله: "فهذا الكلام من الإمام أبي عبد الله أحمد -رَحِمَهُ اللهُ-، يبين أنه نفى أن العباد يحدون الله تعالى أو صفاته، بحد أو يقدرون ذلك بقدر، أو أن يبلغوا إلى أن يصفوا ذلك وذلك لا ينافي ما تقدم من إثبات أنه في نفسه له حد يعلمه هو لا يعلمه غيره، أو أنه هو يصف نفسه، وهكذا كلام سائر أئمة السلف يثبتون الحقائق وينفون علم العباد بكنهها". بيان تلبيس الجهمية (١/ ٤٣٣) (تحقيق ابن قاسم). (١) في (ط): والله -عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- على عرشه، ليس له حد، والله وأعلم بحده، وجاء في (ح): والله -عَزَّ وَجَلَّ- على عرشه، وله حد. (٢) في (ط) و (ح): -عَزَّ وَجَلَّ-.

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