664—If the claimant has no evidence, the defendant must swear an oath1 and is thereby absolved.

665—If he refuses to swear, judgment is rendered against him on account of that refusal; alternatively, the oath may be referred to the claimant. If the claimant then swears after the defendant has refused, he is awarded what he claimed.

666—Circumstantial evidence indicating that one of the two litigants2 is truthful also constitutes evidence. Examples include:

a—When the property claimed is in the possession of one of them, it belongs to him upon his oath.

b—When two people claim property3 suited to only one of them, such as when a carpenter or similar tradesman4 disputes over carpentry tools5, or a blacksmith or similar tradesman6 disputes over blacksmithing tools7, and other comparable cases8.