The Book of Inheritance
Introduction
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THE BOOK OF INHERITANCE

449—It is the discipline concerned with dividing an estate among those entitled to it.

450—Its foundational texts are:

A—The words of Allah Most High (in Sūrat al-Nisā’)1: “Allah instructs you concerning your children: the share of the male shall be twice that of a female,” continuing through His words: “Those are the limits set by Allah.” [al-Nisā’: 11–13]

B—And His words at the end of the surah: “They ask you for a ruling. Say, ‘Allah gives you a ruling concerning one who leaves neither descendants nor ascendants as heirs.’” [al-Nisā’: 176]

C—Together with the hadith of Ibn Abbās—may Allah be pleased with him and his father—traced back to the Prophet: “Give the prescribed shares to those entitled to them. Whatever remains goes to the closest male relative.” Agreed upon2.

451—The noble verses, together with the hadith of Ibn Abbās, encompass most of the rulings of inheritance and set them out in detail, together with their conditions.

452—Thus, Allah has ordained that males and females among one’s own children, one’s sons’ children, and one’s full or paternal siblings, when present together,