Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-Din - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (148)

CHAPTER ON THE RIGHT OF CANCELLATION AND OTHER MATTERS

337—Once a contract has been concluded, it becomes binding unless there is a ground1 recognized by Islamic law:

338—One such ground is the right to cancel while the contracting parties remain together. The Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said: “When two men enter into a sale, each retains the right to cancel so long as they have not separated and remain together, unless one gives the other the option. If one gives the other the option, they conclude the sale on that basis, and neither withdraws from it, the sale becomes binding.” Agreed upon2.

339—Another is the stipulated right of cancellation, when this right is stipulated for both parties or either one of them for a specified period3.

(1) In T: *li-sabab* (“for a reason”). (2) Al-Bukhārī (4/332) and Muslim (no. 1531). (3) The shaykh held that a stipulated right of cancellation is valid without restriction in lease contracts, as well as in currency exchange, *salam* (advance-payment sales), guaranty, and suretyship, since none of these entails any legal impediment. He then discussed these matters in detail. See *Al-Mukhtārāt al-Jaliyya*, p. 73.

بَابُ الْخِيَارِ وغَيرِهِ ٣٣٧- وَإِذَا وَقَعَ اَلْعِقْدُ صَارَ لازمًا، إلا بسبب١ من الأسباب الشرعية: ٣٣٨- فَمِنْهَا: خِيَارُ اَلْمَجْلِسِ: قَالَ اَلنَّبِيُّ ﷺ: "إِذَا تَبَايَعَ اَلرَّجُلَانِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ، مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا وَكَانَا جَمِيعًا، أَوْ يُخَيِّرُ أَحَدُهُمَا اَلْآخَرَ، فَإِنْ خَيَّرَ أَحَدُهُمَا اَلْآخَرَ فَتَبَايَعَا وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا اَلْبَيْعَ، فَقَدْ وَجَبَ اَلْبَيْعُ" مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ٢. ٣٣٩- وَمِنْهَا: خِيَارُ اَلشَّرْطِ، إِذَا شَرَطَ اَلْخِيَارَ لَهُمَا أَوْ لِأَحَدِهِمَا مدةً معلومة٣.

١ في "ط": "لسبب". ٢ أخرجه البخاري "٣٣٢/٤"، ومسلم "١٥٣١". ٣ قرر الشيخ: صحة ثبوت خيار الشرط في الإجارة مطلقا، وفي الصرف والسلم والضمان والكفالة؛ لعدم المحذور في ذلك: ثم فصل هذه المسائل. ينظر: "المختارات الجلية، ص: ٧٣".