Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-Din - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (112)

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When you sight it, fast; and when you sight it, end the fast. If it is obscured from you, then calculate its duration.” Agreed upon1.

Another wording states: “Then reckon it2 as thirty days.” Another states: “Then complete the number of days of Shaʿbān as thirty.” Narrated by al-Bukhārī3.

243—Fasting begins when one upright witness sights the crescent of Ramadan4, whereas for all other months, the testimony of no fewer than two upright witnesses is accepted.

244—The intention for an obligatory fast must be made during the preceding night.

245—As for a voluntary fast, it may be observed with an intention made during the day.

246—A sick person who would be harmed by fasting and a traveler may either refrain from fasting or observe it5.

247—Menstruating women and women experiencing postpartum bleeding are forbidden to fast and must make up the missed fasts.

= after they have been communicated to those concerned… *al-Mukhtārāt*, pp. 59–60. 1. Reported by al-Bukhārī (4/113) and Muslim (no. 1080). 2. Added from B and T. 3. Reported by al-Bukhārī (4/119) and Muslim (no. 1081). 4. Added from T. 5. The Shaykh held that the correct view is that a traveler is not required to fast under any circumstances, even on a day when he knows that he will arrive, until he reaches the place where he intends to reside. *al-Mukhtārāt al-Jaliyya*, p. 61.

قال ﷺ: "إذا رأيتموه فصوموا، وإذا رأيتموه فأفطروا، فإن غُمَّ عليكم فاقدروا له" مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ١. وَفِي لفظٍ: "فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ٢ ثَلَاثِينَ"، وَفِي لَفْظٍ: "فَأَكْمِلُوا عِدَّةَ شَعْبَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ" رَوَاهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ٣. ٢٤٣- وَيُصَامُ بِرُؤْيَةِ عَدْلٍ لِهِلَالِهِ٤، وَلَا يُقْبَلُ فِي بَقِيَّةِ اَلشُّهُورِ إِلَّا عَدْلَانِ. ٢٤٤- وَيَجِبُ تَبْيِيتُ اَلنِّيَّةِ لِصِيَامِ اَلْفَرْضِ. ٢٤٥- وَأَمَّا اَلنَّفْلُ فَيَجُوزُ بِنَيَّةٍ من النهار. ٢٤٦- وَالْمَرِيضُ اَلَّذِي يَتَضَرَّرُ بِالصَّوْمِ، وَالْمُسَافِرُ، لَهُمَا اَلْفِطْرُ وَالصِّيَامُ٥. ٢٤٧- وَالْحَائِضُ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ، يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِمَا اَلصِّيَامُ، وَعَلَيْهِمَا القضاء.

= بعد بلوغها ... "المختارات، ص: ٥٩، ٦٠". ١ أخرجه البخاري "١١٣/٤"، ومسلم "١٠٨٠". ٢ زيادة من: "ب، ط". ٣ أخرجه البخاري "١١٩/٤"، ومسلم "١٠٨١". ٤ زيادة من: "ط". ٥ صَوَّب الشيخ، أن المسافر لا يلزمه الصيام في كل أحواله، ولو اليوم الذي يعلم أنه يقدم فيه قبل وصوله للإقامة. "المختارات الجلية، ص: ٦١".