Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-DinAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

BOOK OF FASTING

241—Its basis is the statement of Allah Most High: “O you who believe, fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you”—and the following verses. [al-Baqarah: 183].

242—Fasting Ramadan is obligatory for every person who is:

1—a Muslim1;
2—an adult;
3—of sound mind;
4—able to fast;
5—once its crescent is sighted2 or Shaʿbān has completed thirty days3,

1. “Muslim” is absent from A. 2. In A: “upon sighting it.” 3. The Shaykh held that if clouds or dust obscure the sky on the night of the thirtieth of Shaʿbān, fasting that day is neither obligatory nor recommended. He said: “The correct position is that when the horizons differ, each people has its own sighting. The hadith of Kurayb from Ibn ʿAbbās is explicit on this point.” He also said: “If valid testimony that the Ramadan crescent was sighted is established during the day, they must abstain for the remainder of that day; there is no disagreement on this point. Shaykh al-Islām favored the view that they are not required to make up that day. His position is very strong and rests upon the principle that rulings become binding only =”
كِتَابُ الصِّيَامِ ٢٤١- الأصل فيه قوله تعالى: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ﴾ الآيات. [البقرة: ١٨٣] . ٢٤٢- ويجب صيام رمضان على كل: ١- مُسْلِمٍ ١، ٢- بَالِغٍ، ٣- عَاقِلٍ، ٤- قَادِرٍ عَلَى اَلصَّوْمِ، ٥- بِرُؤْيَةِ٢ هلاله، أو إكمال شعبان ثلاثين يومًا٣،
١ ليست في: "أ". ٢ في "أ": "برؤيته". ٣ قرر الشيخ أنه إذا كان ليلة الثلاثين من شعبان غيم أو قتر، أنه لا يجب صيام ذلك اليوم، ولا يستحب، وقال: الصواب أن المطالع إذا اختلفت فلكل قوم رؤيتهم، وحديث كريب عن ابن عباس صريح في ذلك. قال: وإذا قامت البينة في أثناء النهار برؤية هلال رمضان لزمهم الإمساك قولا واحدًا، واختار شيخ الإسلام: أنه لا يلزمهم قضاء ذلك اليوم، وقوله قوي جدًا، مبني على أصل: وهو أن الأحكام لا تلزم إلا =

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