Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-Din - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (109)

Chapter: Those Entitled to Zakat and Those to Whom It May Be Paid

234—Zakat may be paid only to the eight categories1 whom Allah mentions in His words:

“Zakat expenditures are only for the poor, the needy, those employed to administer them, those whose hearts are to be reconciled, the freeing of slaves, those in debt, the cause of Allah, and the stranded traveler—an obligation ordained by Allah. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.” [al-Tawbah: 60]

235—It is permissible to restrict payment to one of these categories, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to Muʿādh2:

“If they obey you in that3, then inform them that Allah has obligated them to pay charity, to be taken from their wealthy and given to their poor.” Agreed upon4.

236—Zakat is not lawful for:

= to the hadith is that it encourages giving charity and concealing it. 1. In B and T: “except to the eight categories.” 2. This is absent from A. 3. In A and B: “render obedience to you in that.” 4. Reported by al-Bukhārī, 3/357, and Muslim, no. 19. The hadith serves as evidence because it mentions only one of the eight categories, thereby indicating that it is permissible to restrict payment to a single category.

بَابُ أَهْلِ الزَّكَاةِ وَمَنْ تُدْفَعُ لَهُ ٢٣٤- لَا تُدْفَعُ اَلزَّكَاةُ إِلَّا لِلْأَصْنَافِ اَلثَّمَانِيَةِ١ اَلَّذِينَ ذَكَرَهُمْ اَللَّهُ بِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَرِيضَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ﴾ [اَلتَّوْبَةِ: ٦٠] . ٢٣٥- وَيَجُوزُ اَلِاقْتِصَارُ عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ؛ لِقَوْلِهِ ﷺ لِمُعَاذٍ٢: "فَإِنْ هُمْ أَطَاعُوكَ لِذَلِكَ٣، فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اَللَّهَ اِفْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ فَتُرَدَّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ" مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ٤. ٢٣٦- وَلَا تَحِلُّ الزكاة:

= للحديث: أن فيه الترغيب في الصدقة والإسرار بها. ١ في "ب، ط": "إلا للثمانية". ٢ ليست في: "أ". ٣ في "أ، ب": "أطاعوا لك لذلك". ٤ أخرجه البخاري "٣٥٧/٣"، ومسلم "١٩". ووجه الدلالة من الحديث: أنه ذكر صنفًا واحدًا من الأصناف الثمانية، فدلَّ على جواز الاقتصار على صنف واحد.