Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-Din - Abd al-Rahman al-Sadi’ - (103)

Manhaj al-Salikin wa Tawdih al-Fiqh fi al-DinAbd al-Rahman al-Sadi’

An aged animal or one with a defect1 must not be given as zakat.

For silver currency2, one-fortieth is due on two hundred dirhams. If there are only one hundred and ninety, no zakat is due unless the owner wishes to give voluntarily.

If a person’s camels reach the threshold at which a four-year-old she-camel is due, but he does not have one and instead has a three-year-old she-camel, the latter shall be accepted from him, together with two sheep, if he can readily provide them, or twenty dirhams.

If his camels reach the threshold at which a three-year-old she-camel is due, but he does not have one and instead has a four-year-old she-camel, the latter shall be accepted from him, and the zakat collector shall give him twenty dirhams or two sheep. Reported by al-Bukhārī3.

214- In the hadith of Mu'ādh, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed him to take, from every thirty head of cattle, a one-year-old male or female calf4, and from every forty, a two-year-old cow5. It was reported by the compilers of the Sunan collections6.

(1) *Dhāt al-awār* (an animal with a defect): it is said to mean a one-eyed animal, and it is also said to mean any defective animal. (2) *Al-riqqa* means minted silver dirhams; its plurals are *riqāt* and *riqūn*. (3) Reported by al-Bukhārī, 3/316–317. (4) An animal that has completed one year. It is called a *tabī’* because it follows its mother to pasture. (5) An animal that has completed two years. It is so named because of its greater age. (6) Reported by Abū Dāwūd, no. 1578; al-Tirmidhī, no. 623, who graded it *hasan*; al-Nasā’ī, 5/26; Ibn Mājah, no. 1803; and al-Hākim, 1/398, who said: “It is authentic according to the criteria of al-Bukhārī and Muslim, although neither of them included it.”

وَلَا يُخْرِجُ فِي اَلصَّدَقَةِ هَرِمَةً وَلَا ذَاتَ عوار١. وفي الرقة٢ فِي مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ: رُبْعُ اَلْعُشْرِ. فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا تِسْعُونَ وَمِائَةٌ فَلَيْسَ فِيهَا صَدَقَةٌ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ رَبُّهَا. وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ اَلْإِبِلِ صَدَقَةُ اَلْجَذَعَةِ، وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ جَذَعَةٌ، وَعِنْدَهُ حِقَّةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ اَلْحِقَّةُ، وَيُجْعَلُ مَعَهَا شاتين إن استيسرتا له، أو عشرين دِرْهَمًا. وَمَنْ بَلَغَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَدَقَةُ اَلْحِقَّةِ وَلَيْسَتْ عِنْدَهُ اَلْحِقَّةُ، وَعِنْدَهُ اَلْجَذَعَةُ فَإِنَّهَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ اَلْجَذَعَةُ، وَيُعْطِيهِ اَلْمُصَّدِّقُ عِشْرِينَ دِرْهَمًا أَوْ شَاتَيْنِ. رواه البخاري٣. ٢١٤- وَفِي حَدِيثِ مُعَاذٍ: أَنَّ اَلنَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ بَقَرَةٍ: تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَة٤، وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ: مُسِنَّةً٥، رَوَاهُ أَهْلُ اَلسُّنَن٦.

١ ذات العوار، قيل: هي العوراء، وقيل: هي المعيبة. ٢ الرِّقَة: الدراهم المضروبة من الفضة، جمعها: رقات ورقون. ٣ رَوَاهُ اَلْبُخَارِيُّ "٣١٦/٣، ٣١٧". ٤ ما تم له سنة، وسمي تبيعا؛ لأنه يتبع أمه في المسرح. ٥ ما تمَّ له سنتان، وسميت بذلك لزيادة سنها. ٦ أخرجه أبو داود "١٥٧٨"، والترمذي "٦٢٣" وحسنه، والنسائي "٢٦/٥"، وابن ماجه "١٨٠٣"، والحاكم "٣٩٨/١"، وقال: صحيح على شرط الشيخين، ولم يخرجاه.