then, by performing any two of the three rites—stoning, shaving, and circumambulation—the pilgrim attains the first state of release (al-taḥallul al-awwal). At that point wearing sewn garments, removing hair, clipping the nails, hunting, and—according to the more prevalent view—contracting marriage all become lawful again.
I say, however, that the sounder position is that contracting marriage does not become permissible; Allah knows best.
When he completes the third rite, the second and full release (al-taḥallul al-thānī) is achieved, and every remaining prohibition is lifted.
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On returning to Mina he spends the two nights of the Days of Tashrīq there and each day throws seven pebbles at each of the three jamarāt. If, after throwing on the second day, he wishes to depart before sunset, he may do so; in that case the obligation to spend the third night and to stone on its day lapses. Should sunset arrive before he departs, he must stay that night and perform the stoning the following day.
The time for stoning during the Days of Tashrīq begins when the sun declines from the meridian and lasts until sunset; another view extends it until dawn. The seven pebbles must be thrown one by one, the jamarāt must be observed in their proper order, and what is thrown must be stone. It must truly be a “throwing,” for merely placing the pebbles is insufficient. The sunnah is to use stones about the size of a chickpea. It is not required that the stone remain in the basin, nor that the thrower stand outside the jamrah. Whoever is unable to throw may appoint someone to throw on his behalf.
If a day’s stoning is omitted, he may make it up during the remaining days, according to the sound view, and owes no blood-sacrifice; otherwise a sacrifice becomes obligatory. According to the school, omitting as few as three pebbles obliges a full compensatory sacrifice.
When he intends to leave Mecca he performs the Farewell Circumambulation (ṭawāf al-wadāʿ) and should not linger thereafter. It is obligatory, and failure to perform it is compensated by a blood-sacrifice; another opinion holds it to be recommended only, in which case no compensation is due. If we deem it obligatory and he departs without performing it but then returns before traveling the distance at which prayers are shortened, the sacrifice is waived; if he returns after that distance, it is not, according to the correct view. A menstruating woman may depart without the Farewell Circumambulation.
It is recommended to drink Zamzam water and, after completing the pilgrimage, to visit the grave of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
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The pillars of the pilgrimage are five: entering iḥrām, standing at ʿArafāt, circumambulation, saʿy, and shaving—if shaving is deemed an independent rite.