1. Performing a full ritual bath for any reason other than a nocturnal emission—even rubbing the scalp while doing so—for this is authentically established from the Prophet ﷺ in the two Ṣaḥīḥ collections and elsewhere, in the ḥadith of Abū Ayyūb (may Allah be pleased with him)⦗1⦘.

2. Scratching the head even if a few hairs fall out, on the strength of the very ḥadith of Abū Ayyūb just cited; this was also the view of Shaykh al-Islām Ibn Taymiyyah (may Allah have mercy on him).

3. Undergoing cupping therapy—even when the spot must be shaved—because the Prophet ﷺ was cupped in the middle of his head while in the state of iḥrām, something that cannot be done without removing hair. Ibn Taymiyyah held this view, and so did the Ḥanbalīs, though they obligated an expiation (fidya) for it. No proof supports that requirement: had the Prophet ﷺ offered a fidya, the narrator would have reported it. The fact that only his cupping is mentioned, with no fidya, shows that none was due. The correct position, therefore, is that of Ibn Taymiyyah.

4. Smelling sweet basil and discarding a fingernail should it break; related reports are cited in the Asl.

5. Seeking shade beneath a tent or a raised cloth is soundly established from the Prophet ﷺ. The same ruling applies to shading oneself in earlier times beneath a litter (maḥmal) and in modern times with an umbrella, a car—even while sitting inside—or anything comparable. To impose a fidya for this is an unwarranted stringency for which no evidence exists. Sound reasoning makes no distinction between the shade of the tent, confirmed in the Sunnah, and the shade of a maḥmal or its modern counterparts. This is also one narration from Imām Aḥmad, as noted in Manār al-Sabīl 1/246. Consequently, the practice of certain groups who remove the roof of a car is religious extremism for which the Lord of all worlds has granted no permission.

6. Tying a waist-belt or girdle over the izār, fastening it when needed, and wearing a ring, as some reports mention; similarly, wearing a wrist-watch, spectacles, or hanging a money pouch from the neck.

All of these matters fall under the basic principle stated above, some of them further reinforced by sound prophetic narrations and statements of the Companions. Allah, Exalted is He, says, “Allah intends ease for you and does not intend hardship for you” (Q 2:185). All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds.