—as has already been clarified—and he never voiced an opinion for which he lacked a predecessor among the Imams and the scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah. Someone might try to evade this fact by redefining “Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah” as nothing more than the Ashʿarīs and Māturīdīs, but that is a mistaken usage. The expression “People of the Sunnah and the Community,” in its proper sense, applies to those who follow the way of the Messenger ﷺ and his Companions—the Saved Sect. This description fits the Companions, the Successors, and everyone who has walked in their footsteps and adhered to their path. The Ashʿarīs and Māturīdīs, however, departed from the Companions, the Successors, and the four Imams in many questions of creed and fundamentals of the religion; consequently, they do not deserve to be called Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah. Nor was it Ibn Taymiyyah alone who disagreed with them; in fact, most of the Imams and scholars who followed the way of the early generations differed with them as well.
The fatwas that these critics falsely ascribe to the Shaykh—claiming that in them he opposed the verdicts of the Imams of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jamāʿah—are as follows:
- They allege that he believes Allah sits upon the Throne in the same manner that a human being sits, and that he proclaimed this repeatedly from the pulpit in the Umayyad Mosque of Damascus and in Egypt.
Our response: This is a manifest lie against Shaykh al-Islām Ibn Taymiyyah. On this issue he simply affirms what Allah has affirmed for Himself: that He rose over the Throne (istiwaʾ) in a manner befitting His Majesty, without ascribing modality, likeness, or comparison—just as Imam Mālik and others said, “Istiwaʾ is known; its ‘how’ is unknown; believing in it is obligatory; asking about it is an innovation.” Consider his own words on the matter, where he affirms Allah’s rising over the Throne while negating any resemblance to created beings: “Allah, exalted be He, truly rises over His Throne, and the servant truly mounts a vessel; yet the Creator’s rising is not like the rising of created beings.”