Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (3/246)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

Islam, or he believes that Allah is the One who sends down the rain but that the star is its cause. He thus attributes the blessing to what he regards as the cause of its descent. This constitutes ingratitude for the blessing and is a form of hidden polytheism.

The stars are not causes of rainfall. Rather, rain descends because the servants are in need and utterly dependent upon their Lord: they ask Him, seek His forgiveness, repent to Him, and appeal to Him both through their condition and through their words. He then sends them rain, in His wisdom and mercy, at the time best suited to their need and necessity. A servant’s monotheism cannot be complete until he acknowledges Allah’s outward and inward blessings upon himself and all creation, attributes them to Him, and uses them as an aid to worship, remember, and thank Him.1

It is part of the Sunnah for a Muslim to say when the wind blows fiercely: “O Allah, I ask You for its good, the good within it, and the good it was sent to bring; and I seek refuge in You from its evil, the evil within it, and the evil it was sent to bring.” Muslim narrated in his Sahih from Āisha—may Allah be pleased with her—that she said: “When the wind blew fiercely [that is, when its blowing intensified], the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—would say: ‘O Allah, I ask You for its good, the good within it, and the good it was sent to bring; and I seek refuge in You from its evil, the evil within it, and the evil it was sent to bring.’”2.

A Muslim may not curse the wind, for it is subjected to Allah’s command, governed and commanded by Him. Al-Bukhārī narrated in al-Adab al-Mufrad, and Abū Dāwūd in al-Sunan, from Abū Hurayra—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—say: “The wind is one of Allah’s winds. It comes with mercy and it comes with punishment. When you see it, do not curse it; rather, ask Allah for its good and seek refuge in Allah from its evil.”3.

(1) See Ibn Sa‘dī, *al-Qawl al-Sadīd*, pp. 108–109. (2) *Sahīh Muslim*, no. 899. (3) *al-Adab al-Mufrad*, no. 906; and *Sunan Abī Dāwūd*, no. 5097. Al-Albānī—may Allah have mercy on him—graded it authentic in *Sahīh al-Adab*, no. 696.

الإسلام، أو يعتقد أنَّ المُنْزِلَ للمطر هو الله، والنوءَ سبب، فيضيف النعمةَ إلى ما يراه سبباً في نزولها وهذا من كفر النّعمة وهو من الشرك الخفيِّ. والأنواء ليست من الأسباب لنُزول المطر، وإنَّما سبب نزول المطر حاجة العباد وافتقارهم إلى ربِّهم وسؤالهم إيَّاه، واستغفارهم وتوبتهم إليه، ودعاؤهم إيَّاه بلسان الحال ولسان المقال، فينزل عليهم الغيث بحكمته ورحمته بالوقت المناسب لحاجتهم وضرورتهم، ولا يتمُّ توحيد العبد حتى يعترف بنعم الله الظاهرة والباطنة عليه وعلى جميع الخلق، ويُضيفها إليه ويستعين بها على عبادته وذِكْره وشكره١. ومن السنَّة أن يقول المسلم عند اشتداد هبوب الرِّيح: "اللهمَّ إنِّي أسألك خيرها وخيرَ ما فيها وخيرَ ما أرسلت به، وأعوذ بك من شرِّها وشرِّ ما فيها وشرِّ ما أُرسلت به" لِمَا رواه مسلم في صحيحه عن عائشة ﵂ أنَّها قالت: "كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذا عَصَفَتِ الرِّيحُ [أي اشتدَّ هبوبها] قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا وَخَيْرَ مَا فِيهَا وَخَيْرَ مَا أُرْسِلَتْ بِهِ، وَأَعُوذ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ مَا فِيهَا وَشَرِّ مَا أُرْسِلَتْ بِهِ"٢. ولا يجوز للمسلم أن يسبَّ الريحَ؛ فإنَّها مسخَّرةٌ بأمر الله مدبَّرَةٌ مأمورةٌ، روى البخاري في الأدب المفرد وأبو داود في السنن عن أبي هريرة ﵁ قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: "الرِّيحُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللهِ، تَأْتِي بِالرَّحْمَةِ وَتَأْتِي بِالعَذَابِ، فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهَا فَلاَ تَسُبُّوهَا، وَسَلُوا اللهَ خَيْرَهَا، وَاسْتَعِيذوا بِاللهِ مِنْ شَرِّهَا"٣.

١ انظر: القول السديد لابن سعدي (ص:١٠٨ ـ ١٠٩) . ٢ صحيح مسلم (رقم:٨٩٩) . ٣ الأدب المفرد (رقم:٩٠٦) ، وسنن أبي داود (رقم:٥٠٩٧) ، وصحَّحه الألباني ﵀ في صحيح الأدب (رقم:٦٩٦) .