Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (3/166)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

His sublime attributes and His many gracious gifts, which require that the servants’ hearts be filled with love, reverence, and veneration for Him.

The wisdom behind seeking forgiveness after the prayer is to humble oneself and acknowledge that the servant has not fulfilled the prayer’s due or performed it as fully and perfectly as he should. Rather, some deficiency or shortcoming will inevitably have occurred. One who falls short therefore seeks forgiveness in the hope that his shortcoming will be pardoned and that his seeking forgiveness will make up for whatever deficiency or failing occurred.

The worshipper then proceeds to proclaim Allah’s oneness. Warrād, the freedman of al-Mughīrah ibn Shu‘bah, reported that al-Mughīrah wrote to Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān: “When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, finished the prayer and pronounced the salutation, he would say: ‘There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah alone, with no partner. His is the dominion and His is all praise, and He has power over all things. O Allah, none can withhold what You give, none can give what You withhold, and no wealth or status can avail its possessor against You.’” Narrated by al-Bukhārī and Muslim.1

It is also reported from ‘Abd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with them both, that after pronouncing the salutation at the end of every prayer, he would say: “There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah alone, with no partner. His is the dominion and His is all praise, and He has power over all things. There is no might or power except through Allah. There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and we worship none but Him. His is every blessing, His is every bounty, and to Him belongs the finest praise. There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, devoting our worship sincerely to Him, even though the disbelievers detest it.” He said: “The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to proclaim Allah’s oneness with these words after every prayer.” Narrated by Muslim.2

His words, “No wealth or status can avail its possessor against You,” mean that one who possesses wealth cannot derive any benefit against You from—

1. Sahīh al-Bukhārī, no. 844; Sahīh Muslim, no. 593. 2. Sahīh Muslim, no. 594.

صفاته الجليلة وتعدد عطاياه الجميلة، مما يستوجب على العباد أن تمتلئ قلوبُهم محبة وتعظيماً وإجلالاً له. والحكمةُ من الإتيان بالاستغفار بعد الصلاةِ هي إظهارُ هَضْم النَّفس، وأنَّ العبدَ لَم يَقُم بحقِّ الصلاة، ولَم يأت بما ينبغي لها على التَّمام والكمال، بل لا بدَّ أن يكونَ قد وَقَعَ في شيء من النَّقص والتقصير، والمقصِّرُ يستغفرُ لعلَّه أن يُتجاوَزَ عن تقصيره، ويكونَ في استغفاره جَبْرٌ لِمَا فيه من نقص أو تقصير. ثم يشتغل المصلِّي بعد ذلك بالتهليل، فعن وراد مولى المغيرة بن شعبة قال: كتب المغيرة إلى معاوية بن أبي سفيان: "أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إذَا فَرَغَ مِنَ الصَلاَةِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ المُلْكُ وَلَهُ الحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، اللَّهُمَّ لاَ مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلاَ مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلاَ يَنْفَعُ ذَا الجَدِّ مِنْكَ الجَدُّ" رواه البخاري ومسلم١. وعن عبد الله بن الزبير ﵄: أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ حِينَ يُسَلِّمُ: "لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ المُلْكُ وَلَهُ الحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، لاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللهِ، لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ، وَلاَ نَعْبُدُ إِلاَّ إِيَّاهُ، لَهُ النِّعْمَةُ وَلَهُ الفَضْلُ وَلَهُ الثَّنَاءُ الحَسَنُ، لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الكَافِرُونَ وَقَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُهَلِّلُ بِهِنَّ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ". رواه مسلم٢. قوله: "ولا ينفَعُ ذا الجَدِّ منك الجَدُّ" أي: لا ينفع صاحب الغنى منك

١ صحيح البخاري (رقم:٨٤٤) ، وصحيح مسلم (رقم:٥٩٣) . ٢ صحيح مسلم (رقم:٥٩٤) .