Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

144 / Remembrances of the Tashahhud

Among the remembrances connected with prayer are those of the tashahhud. Several hadiths have been authentically reported from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), containing closely related wordings of the tashahhud, all of which are permissible and prescribed. Among them is the report established in Sahīh Muslim from Abd Allāh ibn Abbās (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: “The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) used to teach us the tashahhud just as he taught us a surah of the Quran. He would say: ‘All blessed and good greetings belong to Allah. May peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. May peace be upon us and upon Allah’s righteous servants. I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.’”1.

It is also established in the two Sahīh collections from Abd Allāh ibn Masūd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: “When we prayed behind the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), we would say: ‘May peace be upon Gabriel and Michael. May peace be upon so-and-so and so-and-so.’ The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) then turned toward us and said: ‘Allah Most High is al-Salām (the One free of all imperfection). When any one of you prays, let him say: “All greetings belong to Allah, as do all prayers and all that is good. May peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. May peace be upon us and upon Allah’s righteous servants”—for when you say this, it reaches every righteous servant in heaven and on earth—“I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.”’”2.

Other hadiths concerning this have also been authentically reported.

The most complete of these wordings is the one contained in the foregoing hadith of Ibn Masūd. It is more complete than the wording contained in the hadith of Ibn Abbās and the other hadiths reported on this subject. As Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) explains: “This is because Ibn Masūd’s tashahhud

(1) Sahīh Muslim (no. 403). (2) Sahīh al-Bukhārī (no. 831) and Sahīh Muslim (no. 402).
١٤٤ / أذكار التشهُّد إنَّ من الأذكار المتعلقة بالصلاة أذكار التشهد، وقد ثبت فيه عن النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أحاديثُ عدّة فيها صيَغ متقاربة للتشهد، كلُّها جائزةٌ ومشروعة، منها: ما ثبت في صحيح مسلم من حديث عبد الله بن عباس ﵄ أنَّه قال: " كان رسول الله ﷺ يُعلِّمُنا التشهدَ كما يعلِّمنا السورة من القرآن، فكان يقول: التَّحِيَّاتُ المُبَارَكَاتُ الطيِّبات لله، السَّلامُ عليكَ أيُّها النَّبِيُّ ورحمة الله وبركاته، السَّلام علينا وعلى عباد الله الصالحين، أشهَدُ أن لا إله إلاَّ الله، وأشهد أنَّ محمَّداً رسولُ الله "١. وثبت في الصحيحين عن عبد الله بن مسعود ﵁ قال: "كُنَّا إِذا صَلَّينَا خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قُلْنَا: السَّلاَمُ عَلَى جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ، السَّلاَمُ عَلَى فُلاَنٍ وَفُلاَنٍ، فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى اله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى هُوَ السَّلاَمُ، فَإِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَقُلْ: التَّحِيَاتُ للهِ، وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، فَإِنَّكُمْ إِذا قُلْتُمُوهَا أَصَابَتْ كُلَّ عَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ"٢. وثبت في هذا أحاديث أخرى. وأكملُ هذه الصيغ الصيغةُ الواردة في حديث ابن مسعود المتقدم، فهي أكملُ من الصيغة الواردة في حديث ابن عباس وغيره من الأحاديث الواردة في هذا الباب؛ وذلك كما يقول ابن القيم ﵀: "لأنَّ تشهد ابن مسعود
١ صحيح مسلم (رقم:٤٠٣) . ٢ صحيح البخاري (رقم:٨٣١) ، وصحيح مسلم (رقم:٤٠٢) .

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