Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (3/128)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

139 / Remembrances at the Opening of the Prayer

It is authentically established that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—used various remembrances and supplications with which a Muslim may begin both obligatory and voluntary prayers. The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—did not consistently use a single opening supplication; rather, he used a variety of them. Taken together, they contain exaltation and glorification of Allah, praise of Him—Glorified and Exalted—as befits Him, and prayers for the forgiveness of sins. A Muslim is not required to use any particular one of them; whichever one he uses, there is no harm in doing so. It is preferable to use one on some occasions and another on others, for this constitutes more complete adherence to the Prophet’s example.

Among these opening supplications is the report authentically established in the two Sahih collections from Abu Hurayrah—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: “When the Messenger of Allah—peace and blessings be upon him—began the prayer, he would remain silent for a short while before reciting. I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, may my father and mother be sacrificed for you! What do you say during your silence between the opening takbīr and the recitation?’ He replied, ‘I say: O Allah, distance me from my sins as You have distanced the east from the west. O Allah, cleanse me of my sins as a white garment is cleansed of filth. O Allah, wash me clean of my sins with snow, water, and hail.’”1

This opening supplication asks Allah—Glorified and Exalted—to distance the servant from his transgressions, meaning his sins, just as He has distanced the east from the west. This is accomplished by erasing the sins, not holding the servant accountable for them, and enabling him to remain far from them. It also asks Him to cleanse the servant of his transgressions—that is, to purify him of them—as a white garment is cleansed of filth, so that no trace remains, and to wash him clean of his sins with snow, water, and hail. This indicates the heart and body’s profound need for that which purifies, cools, and strengthens them.

(1) *Sahīh al-Bukhārī*, no. 744; *Sahīh Muslim*, no. 598.

١٣٩ / أذكار استفتاح الصلاة لقد ثبت عن النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أنواعٌ من الأذكار والأدعيَّة يستفتحُ بها المسلمُ صلاتَه فرضَها ونفلَها، ولم يكن النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُداومُ على استفتاحٍ واحد، بل كان يستفتحُ بأنواعٍ من الاستفتاحات، وهي في الجملة مشتملة على تعظيم الله وتمجيدِه وحُسن الثناء عليه ﵎ بما هو أهله، وسؤاله مغفرة الذنوب، ولا يلزم المسلمَ نوعٌ معيَّن من هذه الأنواع، بل بأيٍّ منها أخذ لا حرج عليه، والأوْلَى أن يفعل بعضَها تارة وبعضَها تارة؛ لأنَّ ذلك أكملُ في الاتِّباع. ومن هذه الاستفتاحات ما ثبت في الصحيحين عن أبي هريرة ﵁ قال: "كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذا اسْتَفْتَحَ الصَّلاَةَ سَكَتَ هُنَيَّةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ، فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي، أَرَأَيْتَ سُكُوتَكَ بَيْنَ التَّكْبِيرِ وَالقِرَاءَةِ مَا تَقُولُ قَالَ: أَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ بَاعِدْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ خَطَايَايَ كَمَا بَاعَدْتَ بَيْنَ المَشْرِقِ وَالمَغْرِبِ، اللَّهُمَّ نَقِّنِي مِنْ خَطَايَايَ كَمَا يُنَقَّى الثَّوْبُ الأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الدَّنَسِ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْسِلْنِي مِنْ خَطَايَايَ بِالثَّلْجِ وَالمَاءِ وَالبَرَدِ"١. وفي هذا الاستفتاح سؤالٌ لله ﵎ أن يُباعِدَ بين العبد وبين خطاياه وهي الذنوب كما باعد بين المشرق والمغرب، وذلك بمَحو الذنوب وعدم المؤاخذة عليها والتوفيق للبُعد عنها، وأن ينقيه من خطاياه أي: ينظفه منها كما ينظف الثوب الأبيض من الدَّنَس بحيث لا يبقى فيه أيُّ أثَر، وأن يغسلَه من خطاياه بالثلج والماء والبَرَد، وفي هذا إشارةٌ إلى شدِّة حاجة القلب والبَدن إلى ما يطهِّرهما ويبردهما ويقويهما.

١ صحيح البخاري (رقم:٧٤٤) ، وصحيح مسلم (رقم:٥٩٨) .