Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (3/97)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

to his circumstances whenever he says, “In the name of Allah.” The preposition “in” in the phrase “In the name of Allah” signifies seeking aid; that is: I depart seeking Allah’s aid, protection, and guidance.

His words, “I place my trust in Allah,” mean: I rely upon Him and entrust all my affairs to Him. Trust entails reliance and entrusting one’s affairs, and it is an act of the heart. It may not be directed to anyone other than Allah; rather, it must be devoted sincerely to Allah alone. He Most High says: “Put your trust in Allah, if you are believers.” 1 That is, in Him alone and no one else. He thus made this a condition of faith. Trust in Allah is the most comprehensive form of worship and the highest and greatest station of tawhīd (affirming Allah’s oneness), because it gives rise to righteous deeds and many forms of obedience. When a servant relies upon Allah alone in all his religious and worldly affairs, his sincerity of devotion becomes sound, his bond with Allah grows stronger, he turns to Him ever more fully, and Allah suffices him in all that concerns him. He Most High says: “Whoever places his trust in Allah, He is sufficient for him.” 2 That is, Allah will suffice him. No enemy can hope to prevail against one whom Allah suffices. Even if the heavens, the earth, and all those within them were to plot against him, Allah would grant him relief and a way out, and provide for him from where he did not expect. This demonstrates the immense virtue of trusting in Allah and that it is among the greatest means of securing benefits and warding off harm.

His words, “There is no power and no strength except through Allah,” are a declaration of Islam, submission, and entrusting one’s affairs to Allah. They express one’s renunciation of every capacity and power except through Him, and acknowledge that the servant has no control over his own affairs, possesses no means of repelling harm, and has no power to obtain any good save by His will—Glorified is He. Through saying, “There is no power and no strength except through Allah,” one obtains aid.

Were a Muslim to reflect upon this remembrance, he would find that, from beginning to end, it comprises

(1) Sūrat al-Mā’ida, verse 23. (2) Sūrat al-Talāq, verse 3.

لحالِه عندما يبسمل، والباء في "بسم الله" للاستعانة، أي: أخرج طالباً من الله العون والحفظ والتسديد. وقوله: "توكَّلت على الله" أي: اعتمدتُ عليه، وفوَّضتُ جميعَ أموري إليه، فالتوكُّلُ هو الاعتمادُ والتفويض وهو من أعمال القلوب، ولا يجوز صرفُه لغير الله، بل يجب إخلاصُه لله وحده، قال تعالى: ﴿وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَتَوَكَّلُوا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ﴾ ١، أي: عليه وحده لا على غيره، فجعل ذلك شرطاً في الإيمان، والتوكلُ أجمعُ أنواع العبادة وأعلى مقامات التوحيد وأعظمُها؛ لِمَا ينشأ عنه من الأعمال الصالحة والطاعات المتنوِّعة، فإنَّه إذا اعتمد العبدُ على الله في جميع أموره الدينية والدنيوية دون مَن سواه صحَّ إخلاصُه، وقويت صلتُه بالله، وزاد إقباله عليه، وكفاه اللهُ همَّه، قال تعالى: ﴿وَمَنْ يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ﴾ ٢، أي: كافيه، ومَن كان الله كافيه فلا مطمع فيه لعدوٍّ، ولو كادت له السموات والأرض ومَن فيهنَّ لجعل الله له فرَجاً ومخرجاً ورزقه الله من حيث لا يحتسب، وفي هذا دلالةٌ على عِظَمِ فضل التوكل وأنَّه أعظمُ أسباب جلب المنافع ودفع المضار. وقوله: "لا حول ولا قوة إلاَّ بالله"، هي كلمة إسلامٍ واستسلامٍ وتفويضٍ إلى الله، وتبرؤ من الحول والقوَّة إلاَّ به، وأنَّ العبدَ لا يملك من أمره شيئاً، وليس له حيلةٌ في دفع شرٍّ، ولا قوَّةٌ في جلب خير لا بإرادته سبحانه، وقولُ لا حول ولا قوة إلاَّ بالله تُنال به الإعانة. ولو تأمَّل المسلم هذا الذِّكرَ لوجده من أوَّله إلى آخره مشتملاً على

١ سورة: المائدة، الآية (٢٣) . ٢ سورة: الطلاق، الآية (٣) .