Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

the Quran,’ and His words, ‘Indeed, We sent it down on a blessed night,’ and His words, ‘Indeed, We sent it down on the Night of Decree,’ even though it was also revealed in Shawwāl, Dhū al-Qada, Dhū al-Hijja, Muharram, Safar, and the month of Rabī?” Ibn Abbās replied, “It was sent down all at once in Ramadan, on the Night of Decree—the blessed night. It was then sent down gradually, at successive intervals, over the months and days.” 1.

The wisdom behind this descent is to magnify the Noble Quran; to exalt the status of the one upon whom it was sent down—the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace; and to honor the month in which it was sent down—the month of Ramadan—and the night on which it was sent down—the Night of Decree, which is better than a thousand months. Allah Most High says, “Indeed, We sent it down on the Night of Decree. And what can make you know what the Night of Decree is? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein, by their Lord’s permission, with every decree. It is peace until the break of dawn.”

What has preceded most emphatically demonstrates the immense standing of the month of fasting—the blessed month of Ramadan—and its special association with the Noble Quran. For during this month, the nation received this tremendous favor from Allah: the descent of His mighty revelation and His noble speech, which contains guidance—“guidance for mankind and clear proofs of guidance and the criterion” 2—guidance to what benefits them in their religion and worldly lives. It sets forth the truth with the utmost clarity and distinguishes between guidance and misguidance, truth and falsehood, and darkness and light.

A month of such merit, in which Allah has shown such favor to His servants, truly deserves to be honored by them and to serve as a season of worship and as provision for the Day of Return.

1. Ibn Abī Hātim, *Tafsīr* (1/310). 2. Sūrat al-Baqara, verse 185.
فِيهِ القُرْآنُ﴾ وقوله: ﴿إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبَارَكَةٍ﴾ ، وقوله: ﴿إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ القَدْرِ﴾ ، وقد أنزل في شوّال وفي ذي القعدة وفي ذي الحجة وفي المحرّم وصفر وشهر ربيع؟ فقال ابن عباس: "إنَّه نزل في رمضان في ليلة القدر، وفي ليلة مباركة جملة واحدة، ثم أنزل على مواقع النّجوم ترتيلاً في الشّهور والأيّام"١. إنَّ الحكمة في هذا النزول هي تعظيم القرآن الكريم وتعظيم أمر مَن نزل عليه وهو رسول الله ﷺ، وتعظيم الشهر الذي نزل فيه وهو شهر رمضان، واللَّيلة التي نزل فيها وهي ليلة القدر التي هي خيرٌ من ألف شهر، يقول الله تعالى: ﴿إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ القَدْرِ، وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ، لَيْلَةُ القَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ، تَنَزَّلُ المَلاَئِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ مِن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ سَلاَمٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الفَجْرِ﴾ . ثم إنَّ ما تقدّم لَيدلُّ أعظم دلالة على عظم شأن شهر الصوم، شهر رمضان المبارك، وأنَّ له خصوصية بالقرآن الكريم، إذ فيه حصل للأمّة من الله هذا الفضل العظيم، نزول وحيه العظيم، وكلامه الكريم المشتملِ على الهداية ﴿هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الهُدَى وَالفُرْقَانِ﴾ ٢ الهداية لمصالح الدين والدنيا، وفيه تبيان الحقِّ بأوضح بيان، وفيه الفرقان بين الهدى والضلال، والحق والباطل، والظلمات والنّور. فحقيقٌ بشهرٍ هذا فضلُه وهذا إحسانُ الله على عباده فيه أن يعظِّمه العباد وأن يكون موسمًا لهم للعبادة وزادًا ليوم المعاد.
١ تفسير ابن أبي حاتم (١/٣١٠) . ٢ سورة البقرة، الآية: (١٨٥) .

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