Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (3/19)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

114 / Among the Morning and Evening Remembrances

The discussion continues concerning the remembrances associated with the morning and evening.

Imam Muslim narrated in his Sahih from Abdullāh ibn Masūd, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: “When evening came, the Prophet of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, would say: ‘We have entered the evening, and with it all dominion belongs to Allah. All praise belongs to Allah. None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, with no partner. His is the dominion, His is all praise, and He has power over all things. My Lord, I ask You for the good of this night and the good that follows it, and I seek refuge in You from the evil of this night and the evil that follows it. My Lord, I seek refuge in You from laziness and the infirmities of old age. My Lord, I seek refuge in You from punishment in the Fire and punishment in the grave.’ In the morning, he would likewise say: ‘We have entered the morning, and with it all dominion belongs to Allah.’”1.

This is a beneficial supplication, a tremendous remembrance, and a blessed daily litany. It is fitting for a Muslim to observe it every morning and evening, following the noble Prophet’s example and emulating his upright guidance.

The meaning of his words at the beginning of this supplication—“We have entered the evening, and with it all dominion belongs to Allah. All praise belongs to Allah”—is that evening has come upon us, and dominion too has entered the evening while belonging exclusively to Allah. This describes the state of the speaker: we recognize and acknowledge that dominion belongs to Allah and that praise is due to Him alone, not to anyone else. We therefore turn to Him alone for refuge, seek His help, and single Him out for worship, praise, and gratitude. The supplicant then proclaims his faith and affirmation of Allah’s oneness, saying: “None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, with no partner”; that is, none is rightfully worshipped except Allah. It should be noted that the declaration of Allah’s oneness, “None has the right to be worshipped except Allah,” comprises two pillars without which this affirmation of oneness cannot be realized: negation and affirmation. The words “None has the right to be worshipped” negate that right for every object of worship, while “except Allah” affirm that worship belongs to Allah, Glorified be He,

(1) Sahih Muslim, no. 2723.

١١٤ / ومن أَذْكَار طَرَفَيِ النَّهَارِ لا يزال الحديثُ موصولاً حول بيان الأذكار المتعلقة بطرفي النهار. روى الإمام مسلم في صحيحه عن عبد الله بن مسعود ﵁ قال: "كَانَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَمْسَى قَالَ: "أَمْسَيْنَا وَأَمْسَى المُلْكُ للهِ، وَالحَمْدُ للهِ، لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ المُلْكُ وَلَهُ الحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، رَبِّ أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَ مَا فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ وَخَيْرَ مَا بَعْدَهَا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ وَشَرِّ مَا بَعْدَهَا، رَبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الكَسَلِ وَسُوءِ الكِبَرِ، رَبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابٍ فِي النَّارِ، وَعَذَابٍ فِي القَبْرِ"، وَإِذَا أَصْبَحَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضاً: "أَصْبَحْنَا وَأَصْبَحَ المُلْكُ للهِ"١. وهذا دعاءٌ نافع وذكرٌ عظيم ووِردٌ مبارَك، يَحسنُ بالمسلم أن يُحافِظَ عليه كلَّ صباح ومساء تأسياً بالنبي الكريم ﷺ واقتداءً بهديه القويم. ومعنى قوله ﷺ في أوَّل هذا الدعاء "أمسينا وأمسى الملك لله، والحمد لله" أي: دخلنا في المساء، ودخل فيه المُلْك كائناً لله ومختصاً به، وهذا بيان لحال القائل: أي عرفنا وأقررنا بأنَّ المُلْكَ لله، والحمد له لا لغيره، فالتجأنا إليه وحده، واستعنَّا به، وخصصناه بالعبادة والثناء عليه والشكر له، ولهذا أعلن بعد ذلك إيمانه وتوحيده فقال: "لا إله إ لا الله وحده لا شريك له" أي: لا معبود بحقٍّ إلاَّ الله، وينبغي أن نلاحظ أنَّ كلمةَ التوحيد لا إله إلاَّ الله مشتملةٌ على رُكنَيْن، لا يتحقق التوحيدُ إلاَّ بهما، وهما النفي والإثبات، فـ " لا إله " نافيةٌ لجميع المعبودات، و" إلاَّ الله " مثبتةٌ العبادة لله سبحانه،

١ صحيح مسلم (رقم:٢٧٢٣) .