Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (2/256)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

and their saying: “Then bring us what you promise us, if you are among the truthful.” 1 These and other statements that Allah relates of them demonstrate their utter ignorance, profound error and foolishness, and extreme aversion and rejection.

Allah Most High says: “Man supplicates for evil just as he supplicates for good, for man is ever hasty.” 2 One possible interpretation is that the person who makes such a statement is the disbeliever: he supplicates against himself for evil and destruction and asks for punishment and torment to be hastened, just as he supplicates for good, as illustrated by the preceding examples.

Another possible interpretation is that “man” here refers to humankind in general, since this kind of supplication is made by some people—namely, when a man, in exasperation and anger, supplicates against himself or his child for something he would not wish to be granted. 3

Commenting on the meaning of the verse, Ibn Kathīr (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Allah Most High informs us of man’s hastiness and how he sometimes supplicates for evil against himself, his child, or his wealth—that is, for death, destruction, ruin, a curse, or the like. Were his Lord to answer him, he would perish because of his own supplication. As Allah Most High says: ‘Were Allah to hasten evil for people as readily as they seek to hasten good, their appointed terms would have been concluded.’ 4 …” 5

Many reports from the early generations have been transmitted concerning this meaning. Among them is a report from

(1) Surat al-Aʿrāf, verse 70. (2) Surat al-Isrāʾ, verse 11. (3) See al-Shawkānī, *Fath al-Qadīr*, 3:211. (4) Surat Yūnus, verse 11. (5) *Tafsīr al-Qurʾān al-ʿAzīm*, 5:45–46.

وقولهم: ﴿فَائْتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَا إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ﴾ ١، إلى غير ذلك مِمَّا حكى الله عنهم، مما يدلُّ على تمام جهلهم، وعِظم غيِّهم وسَفَهِهم، وشدَّةِ إعراضِهم وصدودهم. وقوله تعالى: ﴿وَيَدْعُ الإِنسَانُ بِالشَّرِّ دُعَاءَهُ بِالخَيْرِ وَكَانَ الإِنسَانُ عَجُولاً﴾ ٢ يحتَمل أنَّ المرادَ بالإنسان القائل هذه المقالة هو الكافرُ، أي: يدعو على نفسه بالشرِّ والهلاك واستعجالِ العقوبة والعذاب دعاءَه بالخير، كما تقدَّمت الأمثلة على ذلك. ويَحتمل أنَّ المرادَ بالإنسان هنا الجنس؛ لوقوع هذا الدعاء من بعض أفراده، وهو دعاء الرجل على نفسه وولده عند الضجر والغضب بما لا يحبُّ أن يُستجاب له فيه٣. قال ابن كثير ﵀ في معنى الآية: " يخبر تعالى عن عجلةِ الإنسانِ ودعائِه في بعض الأحيان على نفسه أو ولدِه أو ماله بالشرِّ، أي بالموت أو الهلاك أو الدَّمار أو اللعنة أو نحوِ ذلك، فلو استجاب له ربُّه لهلك بدعائه، كما قال تعالى: ﴿وَلَوْ يُعَجِّلُ اللهُ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّرَّ اسْتِعْجَالَهُمْ بِالخَيْرِ لَقُضِيَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَجَلُهُمْ﴾ ٤ ... "٥. وقد جاء في هذا المعنى آثار عديدة عن السلف، منها ما جاء عن

١ سورة الأعراف، الآية: (٧٠) . ٢ سورة الإسراء، الآية: (١١) . ٣ انظر: فتح القدير للشوكاني (٣/٢١١) . ٤ سورة يونس، الآية: (١١) . ٥ تفسير القرآن العظيم (٥/٤٥ ـ ٤٦) .