Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

Al-Bukhārī and Muslim narrated from Abū Mūsā al-Asharī—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: The Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said: “Every Muslim must give charity.” They asked, “What if he has nothing?” He replied, “Then let him work with his own hands, benefiting himself and giving in charity.” They asked, “What if he is unable to do so, or does not?” He replied, “Then let him help someone in desperate need.” They asked, “What if he does not?” He replied, “Then let him enjoin what is good—or, he said, what is right.” They asked, “What if he does not?” He replied, “Then let him refrain from evil, for that is charity on his behalf.”1.

This proves that, if a Muslim does not do good to his Muslim brothers and offer them assistance, the very least he must do is refrain from evil.

Let it be known that cursing Muslims is of varying degrees. The most dangerous and evil form is to curse the best, foremost, and most virtuous among them, such as the Companions and those who follow them with excellence—people of knowledge, virtue, and faith. Such conduct arises only among those with diseased hearts and abhorrent inclinations—the people of whims and innovations.

In their two Sahīhs, al-Bukhārī and Muslim narrated that the Prophet—peace and blessings be upon him—said: “Do not revile any of my Companions. Were one of you to spend the equivalent of Mount Uhud in gold, he would not equal even a mudd given by one of them, nor half of it.”2.

Ibn Mājah narrated that Ibn Umar—may Allah be pleased with them both—used to say: “Do not revile the Companions of Muhammad—peace and blessings be upon him—for even one hour spent by any one of them in his company is better than the deeds of any one of you

1. *Sahīh al-Bukhārī* (no. 1445) and *Sahīh Muslim* (no. 1008). 2. *Sahīh al-Bukhārī* (no. 3673) and *Sahīh Muslim* (no. 2540).
روى البخاري ومسلم عن أبي موسى الأشعريِّ ﵁ قال: قال النبي ﷺ: " على كلِّ مسلمٍ صدقة، قالوا: فإن لَم يجِد؟ قال: فيعمل بيده فينفع نفسه ويتصدَّق، قالوا: فإن لَم يستطع أو لَم يفعل؟ قال: فيُعينُ ذا الحاجة الملهوف، قالوا: فإن لَم يفعل؟ قال: فليأمر بالخير أو قال بالمعروف، قالوا: فإن لَم يفعل؟ قال: فليُمسك عن الشرِّ فإنَّه له صدقة "١. ففي هذا دليلٌ على أنَّه لا أقلَّ من الإمساكِ عن الشرِّ إن لَم يحصل من المسلم فعلُ الخير لإخوانه المسلمين، وتقديمه المساعدة لهم. وليُعلَم أنَّ لعنَ المسلمين على مراتب، أخطرُها وشرُّها لعنُ خيارِهم ومقدميهم وأفاضِلهم، كالصحابةِ ومَن اتَّبعهم بإحسان من ذوي العلمِ والفضلِ والإيمان، ومثلُ ذلك لا ينشأ إلاَّ عند ذوي القلوب المريضة والأهواء البغيضةِ من أهل الأهواء والبِدع. روى البخاري ومسلم في صحيحيهما عن النبي ﷺ أنَّه قال: " لا تسبُّوا أحداً من أصحابي، فلو أنَّ أحدَكم أنفق مثلَ أُحدٍ ذهباً ما أدرك مُدَّ أحدِهم ولا نصيفَه "٢. وروى ابن ماجه عن ابن عمر ﵄ أنَّه كان يقول: " لا تسبُّوا أصحابَ محمدٍ ﷺ، فلَمقامُ أحدهم ساعة خيرٌ من عمل أحدِكم
١ صحيح البخاري (رقم:١٤٤٥) ، وصحيح مسلم (رقم:١٠٠٨) . ٢ صحيح البخاري (رقم:٣٦٧٣) ، وصحيح مسلم (رقم:٢٥٤٠) .

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