Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-Adhkar - Abd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr - (2/220)

Fiqh al-Adiyah wa-al-AdhkarAbd al-Razzaq ibn Abd al-Muhsin al-Badr

Allah Most High also said: “Those who disbelieve say, ‘Do not listen to this Quran; make noise during its recitation, so that you may prevail.’” 1 And Allah Most High said: “The Messenger said, ‘My Lord, my people have abandoned this Quran.’ Thus We have appointed for every prophet an enemy from among the wicked. Yet your Lord is sufficient as a guide and helper.” 2 And Allah Most High said: “What is the matter with them that they turn away from the reminder, as though they were startled donkeys fleeing from a lion?” 3 And Allah Most High said: “They say, ‘Our hearts are under coverings against that to which you call us; there is deafness in our ears, and between us and you is a barrier.’” 4 And Allah Most High said: “When you recite the Quran, We place an invisible barrier between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter. We place coverings over their hearts, preventing them from understanding it, and deafness in their ears.” 5

This, then, is the listening that Allah prescribed for His servants and for which He has ordained abundant rewards and immense blessings in this world and the Hereafter. It was for this kind of listening that the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would gather. Whenever they assembled, they would instruct one of them to recite while the others listened. Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) would say to Abu Mūsā (may Allah be pleased with him), “Abu Mūsā, remind us of our Lord.” He would then recite while they listened. 6 This is also the listening that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would attend with

(1) Surah Fussilat, verse 26. (2) Surah al-Furqān, verses 30–31. (3) Surah al-Muddaththir, verses 49–51. (4) Surah Fussilat, verse 5. (5) Surah al-Isrāʾ, verses 45–46. (6) Narrated by Ibn Saʿd in al-Tabaqāt (4/109), and cited by al-Dhahabī in al-Siyar (2/398).

وقال تعالى: ﴿وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لاَ تَسْمَعُوا لِهَذَا القُرْآنِ وَالْغَوْا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَغْلِبُونَ﴾ ١، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَقَالَ الرَّسُولُ يَا رَبِّ إِنَّ قَوْمِي اتَّخَذُوا هَذَا القُرْآنَ مَهْجُورًا وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوًّا مِنَ المُجْرِمِينَ وَكَفَى بِرَبِّكَ هَادِيًا وَنَصِيرًا﴾ ٢، وقال تعالى: ﴿فَمَا لَهُمْ عَنِ التَّذْكِرَةِ مُعْرِضِينَ كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ فَرَّتْ مِن قَسْوَرَةٍ﴾ ٣، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَقَالُوا قُلُوبُنَا فِي أَكِنَّةٍ مِمَّا تَدْعُونَا إِلَيْهِ وَفِي آذَانِنَا وَقْرٌ وَمِن بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌ﴾ ٤، وقال تعالى: ﴿وَإِذَا قَرَأْتَ القُرْآنَ جَعَلْنَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالآخِرَةِ حِجَابًا مَسْتُورًا وَجَعَلْنَا عَلى قُلُوبِهْمْ أَكِنَّةً أَن يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا﴾ ٥. فهذا هو السماعُ الذي شرعه الله لعباده، ورتَّب لهم عليه الأجورَ الكثيرةَ والخيراتِ العظيمةَ في الدنيا والآخرة، وعلى هذا السماع كان أصحابُ رسول الله ﷺ يجتمعون، فكانوا إذا اجتمعوا أمروا واحداً منهم أن يقرأَ والباقون يستمعون، وكان عمر بن الخطاب ﵁ يقول لأبي موسى ﵁: " يا أبا موسى ذكِّرنا ربَّنا، فيقرأ وهم يسمَعون "٦، وهذا هو السماعُ الذي كان النبيُّ ﷺ يشهده مع

١ سورة فصلت، الآية: (٢٦) . ٢ سورة الفرقان، الآيات: (٣٠، ٣١) . ٣ سورة المدثر، الآية: (٤٩ ـ ٥١) . ٤ سورة فصلت، الآية: (٥) . ٥ سورة الإسراء، الآيات: (٤٥، ٤٦) . ٦ رواه ابن سعد في الطبقات (٤/١٠٩) ، وأورده الذهبيُّ في السير (٢/٣٩٨) .